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CAZEMBE

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 591 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CAZEMBE , the hereditary name of an See also:

African See also:chief, whose territory was situated See also:south of See also:Lake See also:Mweru and See also:north of See also:Bangweulu, between 90 and 11° S. In the end of the 18th See also:century the authority of the Cazembe was recognized over a very extensive See also:district. The See also:kingdom, known also as the Cazembe, continued to exist, though with gradually diminishing See also:power and extent, until the last See also:quarter of the 19th century, when the Cazembe sank to the See also:rank of a See also:petty chief. The See also:country is now divided between See also:Great See also:Britain and Belgian See also:Congo. The See also:British See also:half, lying See also:east of the Luapula, forms See also:part of See also:Rhodesia, and the chief See also:town in it is called Kazembe. The native See also:state, ruled by a See also:negro See also:race who overcame the aboriginals, had attained a certain degree of See also:civilization. See also:Agriculture was diligently followed, and See also:cotton See also:cloth, earthenware and See also:iron goods manufactured. The country contains See also:rich deposits of See also:copper, and copper ore was one of the See also:principal articles of export. The Cazembe had despotic power and used it in barbarous See also:fashion. He had hundreds of wives, and his chiefs imitated his example according to their means. On his See also:accession every new Cazembe See also:chose a new site for his See also:residence. In 1796 the Cazembe was visited by Manoel Caetano Pereira, a Portuguese See also:merchant; and in 1798 a more important See also:journey to the same region was undertaken by Dr Francisco Jose Maria de Lacerda.

He died in that country on the 18th of See also:

October that See also:year, but See also:left behind him a valuable See also:journal. In 1802 two native traders or pombeiros, Pedro Joao Baptista and Amara Jose, were sent by the Portuguese on a visit to, the Cazembe; and in 1831 a more extensive See also:mission was despatched by the Portuguese See also:governor of Sena. It consisted of See also:Major Jose Monteiro and See also:Antonio Gamitto, with an escort of 20 soldiers and 120 negro slaves as porters; but its reception by the Cazembe was not altogether satisfactory. In 1868 See also:David See also:Livingstone visited the Cazembe, whose See also:capital at that See also:time numbered no more than loco souls. Since 1894, when the country was divided between Britain and the Congo State, it has been thoroughly explored. An important copper See also:mining See also:industry is carried on in the Congo See also:division of the territory. See The Lands of the Cazembe, published by the Royal See also:Geographical Society in 1873, containing See also:translations of Lacerda and Baptista's See also:journals, and a resume of Gamitto's 0 Muata Cazembe (See also:Lisbon, 1854); also Livingstone's Last Journals (See also:London, 1874). 'CAZIN, See also:JEAN See also:CHARLES (184o-19o1), See also:French landscape-painter, son of a well-known See also:doctor, F. J. Cazin (1788-1864), was See also:born at Samer, Pas-de-See also:Calais. Af ter studying in See also:France, he went to See also:England, where he was strongly influenced by the pre-Raphaelite See also:movement. His chief earlier pictures have a religious See also:interest, shown in such examples as " The See also:Flight into See also:Egypt " (1877), or " Hagar and See also:Ishmael " (188o, Luxembourg); and afterwards his See also:combination of luminous landscape with figure-subjects (" Souvenir de fete," 1881; " Journee faite," 1888) gave him a wide repute, and made him the See also:leader of a new school of idealistic subject-See also:painting in France.

He was made an officer of the See also:

Legion of See also:Honour in 1889. His charming and poetical treatment of landscape is the feature in his painting which in later years has given them an increasing value among connoisseurs. His wife, See also:Marie Cazin, who was his See also:pupil and exhibited her first picture at the See also:Salon in 1876, the same year in which Cazin himself made his debut there, was also a well-known artist and sculptor.

End of Article: CAZEMBE

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