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GUIENNE , an old See also:French See also:province which corresponded roughly to the Aquitania Secunda of the See also:Romans and the See also:arch-
bishopric of See also:Bordeaux. In the 12th See also:century it formed with See also:Gascony the duchy of See also:Aquitaine, which passed under the dominion of the See also:kings of See also:England by the See also:marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry II.; but in the 13th, through the See also:con-quests of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip See also:Augustus, See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis VIII. and Louis IX., it was confined within the narrower limits fixed by the treaty of See also:Paris (1259). It is at this point that Guienne becomes distinct from Aquitaine. It then comprised the Bordelais (the old countship of Bordeaux), the Bazadais, See also:part of See also:Perigord, See also:Limousin, See also:Quercy and See also:Rouergue, the See also:Agenais ceded by Philip III. (the Bold) to See also:Edward I. (1279), and (still See also:united with Gascony) formed a
duchy extending from the See also:Charente to the See also:Pyrenees. This duchy was held on the terms of See also:homage to the French kings, an onerous See also:obligation; and both in 1296 and 1324 it was confiscated by the kings of See also:France on the ground that there had been a failure in the feudal duties. At the treaty of Bretigny (1360) Edward III. acquired the full See also:sovereignty of the duchy of Guienne, together with Aunis, See also:Saintonge, See also:Angoumois and See also:Poitou. The victories of du Guesclin and Gaston See also:Phoebus, See also:count of See also:Foix, restored the duchy soon after to its 13th-century limits. In 1451 it was conquered and finally united to the French See also:crown by See also:Charles VII. In 1469 Louis XI. gave it in See also:exchange for See also:Champagne and See also:Brie to his See also:brother Charles, See also:duke of See also:Berry, after whose See also:death in 1412 it was again united to the royal dominion. Guienne then formed a See also:government which from the 17th century onwards was united with Gascony. The government of Guienne and Gascony, with its See also:capital at Bordeaux, lasted till the end of the ancien regime. Under the Revolution the departments formed from Guienne proper were those of See also:Gironde, See also:Lot-et-See also:Garonne, See also:Dordogne, Lot, See also:Aveyron and the See also:chief part of See also:Tarn-et-Garonne.
End of Article: GUIENNE
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