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INDORE
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INDORE , a native See also:state of See also:India in the central India agency, comprising the dominions of the Maharaja See also:Holkar. Its See also:area, exclusive of guaranteed holdings on which it has claims, is 9500 sq. m. and the See also:population in 1901 was 850,690, showing a decrease of 23% in the See also:decade, owing to the results of See also:famine. As in the See also:case of most states in central India the territory is not homogeneous, but distributed over several See also:political charges. It has portions in four out of the seven charges of central India, and in one small portion in the See also:Rajputana agency. The See also:Vindhya range traverses the S. See also:division of the state in a direction from See also:east to See also:west, a small See also:part of the territory lying to the See also:north of the mountains, but by much the larger part to the See also:south. The latter is a portion of the valley of the See also:Nerbudda, and is bounded on the south by the See also:Satpura hills. See also:Basalt and other volcanic formations predominate in both ranges, although there is also much See also:sandstone. The Nerbudda flows through the state; and the valley at Mandlesar, in the central part, is between 600 and 700 ft. above the See also:sea. The See also:revenue is estimated at £350,000. The See also:metre See also:gauge railway from See also:Khandwa to See also:Mhow and Indore See also:city, continued to See also:Neemuch and See also:Ajmere, was constructed in 1876. The state had its origin in an See also:assignment of lands made See also:early in the 18th See also:century to Malhar See also:Rao Holkar, who held a command in the See also:army of the Mahratta See also:Peshwa. Of the Dhangar or shepherd See also:caste, he was See also:born in 1694 at the See also:village of Hol near See also:Poona, and from this circumstance the See also:family derives its surname of Holkar. Before his See also:death in 1766 Malhar Rao had added to his assignment large territorial possessions acquired by his armed See also:power during the confusion of the See also:period. By the end of that century the rulership had passed to another See also:leader of the same See also:clan, Tukoji Holkar, whose son, Jaswant Rao, took an important part in the contest for predominance in the Mahratta See also:confederation. He did not, however, join the combined army of Sindha and the See also:raja of See also:Berar in their See also:war against the See also:British in 1803, though after its termination he provoked hostilities which led to his See also:complete discomfiture. At first he defeated a British force that had marched against him under See also:Colonel See also:Monson; but when he made an inroad into British territory he was completely defeated by See also:Lord See also:Lake, and compelled to sign a treaty which deprived him of a large portion of his possessions. After his death his favourite See also:mistress, Tulsi Bai, assumed the regency, until in 1817 she was murdered by the military commanders of the Indore troops, who declared for the peshwa on his rupture with the British See also:government. After their defeat at See also:Mehidpur in 1818, the state submitted by treaty to the loss of more territory, transferred to the British government its See also:suzerainty over a number of See also:minor tributary states, and acknowledged the British See also:protectorate. For many years afterwards the See also:administration of the Holkar princes was troubled by See also:intestine quarrels, See also:misrule and dynastic contentions, necessitating the frequent interposition of, British authority; and in 1857 the army, breaking away from the See also:chief's See also:control, besieged the British residency, and took See also:advantage of the See also:mutiny of the See also:Bengal sepoys to spread disorder over that part of central India. The See also:country was pacified after some fighting. In 1899 a British See also:resident was appointed to Indore, which had formerly been directly under the See also:agent to the See also:governor-See also:general in central India. At the same See also:time a See also:change was made in the See also:system of administration, which was from that date carried on by a See also:council, In 1903 the Maharaja, Shivaji Rao Holkar, G.C.S.I., abdicated in favour of his son Tukoji Rao, a boy of twelve, and died in 1908. The CITY OF INDORE iS situated 1738 ft. above the sea, on the See also:river Saraswati, near its junction with the See also:Khan. Pop. (1901) 86,686. These figures do not include the See also:tract assigned to the resident, known as " the See also:camp " (pop. 11,118), which is under British administration. The city is one of the most important trading centres in central India. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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