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part of Algeria which they inhabit is usually regarded as consisting of two divisions—Great Kabylia and Lesser Kabylia, the former being also known as the Kabylia of the Jurjura (also called See also:

ADRAR (Berber for "uplands ")

Adrar Budfel, " See also:

Mountain of See also:

SNOW (in O. Eng. sndw; a common Indo-European word; cf. in Teutonic languages, Ger. Schnee, Du. sneeuw; in Slavonic snieg', Lith. snegas; Gr. vi4a, Lat. nix, nivis, whence the Romanic forms, Ital. neve, Fr. neige, &c.; Ir. and Gael. sneachd; the original

Snow "). Physically many Kabyles do not See also:

PRESENT

present much contrast to the Arabs of Algeria. Both Kabyle and Arab are See also:

white at See also:

BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth, but rapidly grow See also:

brown through exposure to See also:

air and See also:

SUNSHINE

sunshine. Both have in See also:

general brown eyes and wavy See also:

HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair of coarse quality, varying from dark brown to See also:

JET (Fr. jais, Ger. Gagat)

jet See also:

black. In stature there is perhaps a little difference in favour of the Kabyle, and he appears also to be of heavier build and more See also:

MUSCULAR

muscular. Both are clearly See also:

long-headed. Some, however, of the purer type of Kabyles in Kabylia proper have See also:

FAIR

fair skins, ruddy complexions and See also:

BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

blue or See also:

grey eyes. In fact there are two distinct types of Kabyles: those which by much admixture have approximated to Arab and See also:

NEGROID

negroid types, and those which pre-serve Libyan features. Active, energetic and enterprising, the Kabyle is to be found far from See also:

home—as a soldier in the See also:

French See also:

army, as a workman in the towns, as a See also:

field labourer, or as a pedlar or trader earning the means of purchasing his See also:

BIT (from the verb " to bite," either in the sense of a piece bitten off, or an act of biting, or a thing that bites or is bitten)

bit of ground in his native See also:

VILLAGE

village. The Kabyles are Mahommedans of the Sunnite branch and the Malikite rite, looking to See also:

MOROCCO

Morocco as the nearer centre of their See also:

religion.

Some of the Kabyles retain their See also:

VERNACULAR (Lat. verna, dim. vernaculus, a slave horn in his master's house)

vernacular speech, while others have more or less completely adopted Arabic. The best known of the Kabyle dialects is the Zouavel or Igaouaouen, those speaking it having been settled on the See also:

NORTHERN

northern See also:

side of the Jurjura at least from the See also:

time of See also:

Ibn Khaldun; it is the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal basis of Hanoteau's Essai de grammaire kabyle (See also:

Paris, 1858). Unlike their See also:

SOUTHERN

southern brethren, the Kabyles have no See also:

ALPHABET (see also WRITING)

alphabet, and their literature is still in the See also:

STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage of oral transmission, for the most part by professional reciters. Hanoteau's Poesies populaires de la Kabylie du Jurjura (Paris, 1867) gives the See also:

TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text and See also:

TRANSLATION

translation of a considerable number of See also:

HISTORICAL

historical pieces, proverbial couplets and quatrains, dancing songs, &c. Consult General L. L. C. See also:

FAIDHERBE, LOUIS LEON CESAR (1818–1889)

Faidherbe and Dr See also:

Paul Topinard, Instructions sur l'anthropologie de l'Algerie (Paris, 1874); Melchior See also:

Joseph See also:

EUGENE

Eugene Daumas, Le Sahara algerien (Paris, 1845) and Msurs et coutumes de l'Algerie (1857) ; De Slane's translation of Ibn Khaldun's Hist. See also:

des Berberes (See also:

ALGIERS (Fr. Alger, Arab. Jezair, i.e. The Islands)

Algiers, 1852) ; Aucapitaine, See also:

Les Kabyles et la colonie de l'Algerie (Paris, 1864) and Les Beni M'zab (1868) ; L. J. A. C. Hanoteau and A.

Letourneux, La Kabylie et les coutumes kabyles (Paris, 1893) ; Charmetant, in Jahrbucher der Verbreitung des Glaubens (1874) ; Masqueray, Formation des cites . . de l'Algerie (1886) ; Dugas, La Kabylie et le peuple kabyle (Paris, 1878) ; Recoux, La Demographie de l'Algerie (Paris, 1880) ; J. Liorel, Races berberes: les Kabyles (Paris, 1893) ; Maelver and Wilkin, Libyan Notes (1901).

End of Article: KABYLES, or KABAIL

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