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See also:KAUFMANN, See also:CONSTANTINE PETROVICH (1818-1882) , See also:Russian See also:general, was See also:born at Maidani on the 3rd of See also:March 1818. He entered the engineer See also:branch in 1838, served in the See also:campaigns in the See also:Caucasus, See also:rose to be See also:colonel, and commanded the sappers and miners at the See also:siege of See also:Kars in 1855. On the See also:capitulation of Kars he was deputed to See also:settle the terms with General See also:Sir W. See also:Fenwick See also:Williams. In 1861 he became director-general of See also:engineers at the See also:War See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
Office, assisting General Milutin in the reorganization of the See also:army. Promoted lieut.-general in 1864, he was nominated aide-de-See also:camp-general and See also:governor of the military See also:conscription of See also:Vilna. In 1867 he became governor of See also:Turkestan, and held the See also:post until his See also:death, making himself a name in the expansion of the See also:empire in central See also:Asia. He accomplished a successful See also:campaign in 1868 against See also:Bokhara, capturing See also:Samarkand and gradually subjugating the whole See also:country. In 1873 he attacked See also:Khiva, took the See also:capital, and forced the See also:khan to become a See also:vassal of See also:Russia. Then followed in 1875 the campaign against See also:Khokand, in which Kaufmann defeated the khan, Nasr-ed-din. Khokand See also:north of the Syrdaria was annexed to Russia, and the See also:independence of the See also:rest of the country became merely nominal. This rapid absorption of the khanates brought Russia into See also:close proximity to See also:Afghanistan, and the reception of Kaufmann's emissaries by the See also:Amir was a See also:main cause of the See also:British war with Afghanistan in 1878. Although Kaufmann was unable to induce his See also:government to support all his ambitious schemes of further See also:conquest, he sent Skobeleff in 188o and 188, against the Akhal Tekkes, and was arranging to add Mery to his annexations when he died suddenly at Tashkend on the 15th of May 1882.
End of Article: KAUFMANN, CONSTANTINE PETROVICH (1818-1882)
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