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KILLDEER

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 795 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KILLDEER , a See also:

common See also:American See also:plover, so called in See also:imitation of its whistling cry, the Charadrius vociferus of See also:Linnaeus, and the Aegialitis vocifera of See also:modern ornithologists. About the See also:size of a See also:snipe, it is mostly sooty-See also:brown above, but showing a See also:bright See also:buff on the tail coverts, and in See also:flight a See also:white See also:bar on thewings; beneath it is pure white except two See also:pectoral bands of deep See also:black. It is one of the finest as well as the largest of the See also:group commonly known as ringed plovers or See also:ring dotterels,' forming the genus Aegialitis of See also:Boie. Mostly wintering in the See also:south or only on the See also:sea-See also:shore of the more See also:northern states, in See also:spring it spreads widely over the interior, breeding on the newly ploughed lands or on open grass-See also:fields. The See also:nest is made in a slight hollow, and is often surrounded with small pebbles and fragments of shells. Here the See also:hen See also:lays her See also:pear-shaped, See also:stone-coloured eggs, four in number, and always arranged with their pointed ends touching each other, as is the See also:custom of most Limicoline birds. The parents exhibit the greatest anxiety for their offspring on the approach of an intruder. It is the best-known See also:bird of its See also:family in the See also:United States, where it is less abundant in the See also:north-See also:east than farther south or See also:west. In See also:Canada it does not range farther northward than 56° N.; it is not known in See also:Greenland, and hardly in Labrador, though it is a passenger in See also:Newfoundland every spring and autumn.2 In See also:winter it finds its way to Bermuda and to some of the See also:Antilles, but it is not recorded from any of the islands to the windward of See also:Porto Rico. In the other direction, however, it travels down the See also:Isthmus of See also:Panama and the west See also:coast of South See also:America to See also:Peru. The killdeer has several other congeners in America, among which may be noticed Ae. semipalmata, curiously resembling the See also:ordinary ringed plover of the Old See also:World, Ae. hiaticula, except that it has its toes-connected by a See also:web at the See also:base; and Ae. nivosa, a bird inhabiting the western parts of both the American continents, which in the See also:opinion of some authors is only a See also:local See also:form of the widely spread Ae. alexandrina or cantiana, best known as Kentish plover, from its See also:discovery near See also:Sandwich towards the end of the 18th See also:century, though it is far more abundant in many other parts of the Old World. The common ringed plover, Ae. hiaticula, has many of the habits of the killdeer, but is much less often found away from the sea-shore, though a few colonies may be found in dry warrens in certain parts of See also:England many See also:miles from the coast, and in See also:Lapland at a still greater distance.

In such localities it paves its nest with small stones (whence it is locally known as " Stone See also:

hatch "), a See also:habit almost unaccountable unless regarded as an inherited See also:instinct from See also:shingle-haunting ancestors. (A.

End of Article: KILLDEER

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