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MACBETH

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 197 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MACBETH , See also:

king of See also:Scotland (d. ro58), was the son of Findlaech, mormaer or hereditary ruler of Moreb (See also:Moray and See also:Ross), who had been murdered by his nephews in ro2o. He probably became mormaer on the See also:death of See also:Malcolm, one of the murderers, in 1029, and he may have been one of the chiefs (the Maclbaethe of the Saxon See also:Chronicle) who submitted to Canute in 1031. Marianus records that in 1040 See also:Duncan, the See also:grandson and successor of Malcolm king of Scotland,wasslain by Macbeth. Duncan had shortly before suffered a severe defeat at the hands of Thorfinn, the See also:Norwegian See also:earl of See also:Orkney and See also:Caithness, and it was perhaps this event which tempted Macbeth to seize the See also:throne. As far as is known he had no claim to the See also:crown except through his wife Gruach, who appears to have been a member of the royal See also:family. Macbeth was apparently a generous benefactor to the See also:Church, and is said to have made a See also:pilgrimage to See also:Rome in 1050. According to S. Berchan his reign was a See also:time of prosperity for Scotland. The records of the See also:period, however, are extremely meagre, and much obscurity prevails, especially as to his relations with the powerful earl Thorfinn. More than one See also:attempt was made by members of the Scottish royal family to recover the throne; in 1045 by Crinan, the See also:lay See also:abbot of See also:Dunkeld, son-in-See also:law of Malcolm II., and in 1054 by Duncan's son Malcolm with the assistance of See also:Siward the powerful earl of See also:Northumbria, himself a connexion of the ousted See also:dynasty. Three years later in 1057 Malcolm and Siward again invaded Scotland and the See also:campaign ended with the defeat and death of Macbeth, who was slain at Lumphanan. Macbeth is, of course, chiefly famous as the central figure of See also:Shakespeare's See also:great tragedy.

See W. F. See also:

Skene, See also:Chronicles of the Picts and Scots (1867) and See also:Celtic Scotland (1876); See also:Sir See also:John Rhys, Celtic See also:Britain (1904).

End of Article: MACBETH

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