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PASADENA

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 878 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PASADENA , a See also:

city in the See also:San See also:Gabriel valley of Los Angeles See also:county, in See also:southern See also:California, U.S.A., about 9 M. N.E. of Los Angeles and about 20 M. from the Pacific Ocean. Pop. (188o) 391; (1890) 4882; (1900) 9117, of whom 1278 were See also:foreign-See also:born; (1910 See also:census) 30,291. See also:Area about 11 sq. m. It is served by the Southern Pacific, the See also:Santa Fe, and the San Pedro, Los Angeles & See also:Salt See also:Lake railway systems, and by inter-See also:urban electric lines. The city lies at an See also:altitude of 750-1000 ft., about 5 M. from the See also:base of the Sierra Madre range. Some See also:half-dozen See also:mountain peaks in the immediate environs rise to heights of 3200 to more than 6000 ft., notably Mt See also:Wilson (6666 ft.), whose base is about 5 M. See also:north-See also:east of Pasadena, See also:Echo mountain (4or6 ft.), and Mt See also:Lowe (6100 ft). From Rubio See also:canyon, near Pasadena, to the See also:summit of Echo mountain, runs a steep See also:cable railway, r000 yds. See also:long. On Echo mountain is the Lowe See also:Observatory (35do ft.), with a 16-in. See also:equatorial See also:telescope, and on Mt Wilson is the See also:Solar Observatory (5886 ft.) of the See also:Carnegie Institution of See also:Washington, equipped with a 6o-in. reflecting telescope and other See also:instruments for stellar See also:photography, a See also:horizontal telescope for solar photography, a 6o-ft. See also:tower telescope (completed in 1907), and a second tower telescope of 150 ft. See also:focal length (under construction in 1910). At this observatory important researches in solar and stellar See also:spectroscopy have been carried on under the direction of See also:George See also:Ellery See also:Hale (b. 1868), the inventor of the See also:spectroheliograph.

The See also:

physical laboratory, computers' offices and See also:instrument construction shops of the Solar Observatory are in Pasadena. About 5 M. See also:south-east of Pasadena, in the township of San Gabriel (pop. 2501 in 1900), is the See also:Mission (monastery) de San Gabriel Arcangel, founded in 1771. Pasadena is one of the most beautiful places in southern California. Fruits and See also:flowers and sub-tropical trees and small See also:plants grow and See also:bloom the See also:year See also:round in its gardens. On the first of See also:January of every year a See also:flower See also:carnival, known as the " See also:Tournament of See also:Roses," is held. Among the See also:principal public buildings are a handsome Romanesque public library, which in 1909 contained about 28,500 volumes, an See also:opera See also:house of considerable architectural merit, high school, and several See also:fine churches. The surrounding See also:country was given over to See also:sheep ranges until 1874, when a See also:fruit-growing See also:colony, organized in 1873, was established, from which the city was See also:developed. The See also:sale of See also:town lots began in 1882. Pasadena was first chartered as a city in 1886; by a clause in the See also:present See also:special See also:free-holders' See also:charter, adopted in 1901, saloons are prohibited in the city.

End of Article: PASADENA

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