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THEOPHRASTUS , the successor of See also:Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, a native of Eresus in See also:Lesbos, was See also:born c. 372 B. C. His See also:original name was Tyrtamus, but he later became known by the See also:nickname " Theophrastus, " given to him, it is said, by Aristotle to indicate the See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
grace of his conversation. After receiving his first introduction to See also:philosophy in Lesbos from one Leucippus or Alcippus, he proceeded to See also:Athens, and became a member of the Platonic circle. After See also:Plato's See also:death he attached himself to Aristotle, and in all See also:probability accompanied him to Stagira. The intimate friendship of Theophrastus with See also:Callisthenes, the See also:fellow-See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil of See also:Alexander the See also:Great, the mention made in his will of an See also:estate belonging to him at Stagira, and the repeated notices of the See also:town and its museum in the See also:History of See also:Plants, are facts which point to this conclusion. Aristotle in his will made him See also:guardian of his See also:children, bequeathed to him his library and the originals of his See also:works, and designated him as his successor at the See also:Lyceum on his own removal to See also:Chalcis. Eudemus of See also:Rhodes also had some claims to this position, and See also:Aristoxenus is said to have resented Aristotle's choice. Theophrastus presided over the Peripatetic school for See also:thirty-five years, and died in 287 B.C. Under his guidance the school flourished greatly—there were at one See also:period more than 2000 'students—and at his death he bequeathed to it his See also:garden with See also:house and colonnades as a permanent seat of instruction. See also:Menander was among his pupils. His popularity was shown in the regard paid to him by See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip, See also:Cassander and See also:Ptolemy, and by the See also:complete failure of a See also:charge of impiety brought against him. He was honoured with a public funeral, and " the whole See also:population of Athens, honouring him greatly, followed him to the See also:grave " (Diog. Laert.).
From the lists of the ancients it appears that the activity of Theophrastus extended over the whole See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field of contemporary know-ledge. His See also:writing probably differed little from the Aristotelian treatment of the same themes, though supplementary in details (see See also:PERIPATETICS). He served his See also:age mainly as a great popularizer of See also:science. The most important of his books are two large botanical See also:treatises, On the History of Plants, in nine books (originally ten), and On the Causes of Plants, in six books (originally eight), which constitute the most important contribution to botanical science during antiquity and the See also:middle ages. We also possess in fragments a History of Physics, a See also:treatise On Stones, and a See also:work On Sensation, and certain metaphysical 'Aaroptac, which probably once formed See also:part of a systematic treatise. Various smaller scientific fragments have been collected in the See also:editions of J. G. See also:Schneider (1818–21) and F. Wimmer (1842–62) and in Usener's Analecta Theophrastea.
The Ethical Characters ('HBucoi XapaKr+tyes) deserves a See also:separate mention. The work consists of brief, vigorous and trenchant delineations of moral types, which contain a most valuable picture of the See also:life of his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time. They See also:form the first recorded See also:attempt at systematic See also:character writing. The See also:book has been regarded by some as an See also:independent work; others incline to the view that the sketches were written from time to time by Theophrastus, and collected and edited after his death; others, again, regard the Characters as part of a larger systematic work, but the See also:style of the book is against this. Theophrastus has found many imitators in this See also:kind of writing, notably See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall (1608), See also:Sir See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Overbury (1614-16), See also:Bishop See also:Earle (1628) and La Bruyere (1688), who also translated the Characters.
End of Article: THEOPHRASTUS
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