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ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 955 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ZAMOYSKI, See also:JAN (1541-1605) , See also:Polish statesman, was the son of Stanislaw, Castellan of Chelm, and See also:Anna Herburtowna, who belonged to, one of the most See also:ancient and illustrious families in See also:Poland. After completing his See also:education at See also:Paris, See also:Strassburg, and at See also:Padua, where as See also:rector of the See also:academy he composed his celebrated See also:work De senatu romano (See also:Venice, 1563), he returned See also:home in 1565, one of the most consummate scholars and jurists in See also:Europe. His essentially bold and See also:practical See also:genius sought at once the stormy See also:political See also:arena. He was mainly instrumental, after the See also:death of See also:Sigismund II., in remodelling the Polish constitution and procuring the See also:election of See also:Henry of See also:Michael the Brave, See also:hospodar of See also:Walachia and See also:Moldavia. But beyond securing the Polish frontier Zamoyski would never go. He refused to wage See also:war with See also:Turkey even under the most favour-able circumstances, nor could he be See also:drawn into the See also:Holy See also:League against the Ottomans in Moo. When pressed by the papal See also:legate and the See also:Austrian envoys to co--operate at the See also:head of all the forces of the league, he first demanded that in See also:case of success Moldavia, Walachia and See also:Bessarabia should fall to Poland, and that she should in the meantime hold See also:Olmutz and See also:Breslau as guarantees. The refusal of the Austrians to accept these reasonable terms justified Zamoyski's suspicion that the league would use Poland as a See also:cat's-paw, and the negotiations came to nothing. Statesman though he was, Zamoyski cannot, however, be called a true patriot. Polish historians, dazzled by his genius and valour, are See also:apt to over-look his quasi-treasonable conduct and blame Sigismund III. for every misadventure; but there can be no doubt that the See also:king took a far broader view of the whole situation when he attempted to reform the Polish constitution in 16o5 by strengthening the royal See also:power and deciding all See also:measures in future by a See also:majority of the See also:diet. These reforms Zamoyski strenuously opposed. The last speech he delivered was in favour of the anarchic principle of See also:free election.

He died suddenly at Zamosc on the 3rd of See also:

June 16o5. See See also:Vincent Laureo,1574—78, et ses depee'ches inedites (Ital.) (See also:Warsaw, 1877) ; Augustin Theiner, Vetera monumenta Poloniae et Lituaniae vol. ii. (See also:Rome, 1862) ; See also:Adam Tytus Dzialynski, Collectanea vitam resque gestas J. Zamoyocii illustrantia (See also:Posen, 1881). (R. N.

End of Article: ZAMOYSKI, JAN (1541-1605)

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