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See also:POSEN (See also:Polish Poznan) , a See also:city, archiepiscopal see and fortress of See also:Germany, See also:capital of the See also:province of Posen, situated in a wide and sandy See also:plain at the confluence of the Cybina and the See also:Warthe, 150 M. E. from See also:Berlin and 103 M. from See also:Breslau. Pop. (1885),
68,315; (1895), 73,239; (1905), 136,808, of whom nearly one-See also:half are Germans and about one-tenth See also:Jews. Posen lies at the centre of a network of See also:railways connecting it with Berlin, Breslau, See also:Thorn, See also:Kreuzburg, and Schneidemifhl. The inner See also:line of fortifications was removed in 1902 and the city has been completely modernized. The See also:principal See also:part of Posen, on the See also:left See also:bank of the Warthe, comprises the old See also:town (Alstadt) and the See also:modern See also:quarter created by the Prussians after 1793. On the right bank See also:lie Wallischei (a See also:district inhabited by Poles) and some other suburbs. Posen has fifteen See also:Roman See also:Catholic and three Evangelical churches and several synagogues. The See also:cathedral contains many interesting See also:objects of See also:art, but, with the exception of the See also:Gothic Marienkirche of the 15th See also:century, none of the churches is notable. The old town-See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall is a See also:quaint See also:Slavonic See also:adaptation of Romanesque forms. The royal See also:castle, begun in 1905 and completed in 1910 at a cost of £250,000, is a pretentious See also:building in what is officially called Romanesque See also:style. It was intended as an effort to conciliate the Poles, and was opened by the See also:emperor See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William II., with imposing ceremonies, on the loth of See also:August 1910. Posen possesses an " Emperor William " library with 200,000 volumes, and the Raczynski library with 50,000. Other principal buildings are the two theatres, the Emperor See also:Frederick museum, founded in 1894, the Polish museum and the various public offices. See also:Industries include the manufacture of agricultural machinery, See also:spirits, See also:furniture and See also:sugar, also milling and See also:brewing. There is an active See also:trade, both by See also:rail and See also:river, in See also:corn, See also:cattle, See also:wood, See also:wool and potatoes. Posen is the headquarters of the V. See also:army See also:corps, and has a See also:garrison of 6000 men.
Posen, one of the See also:oldest towns in See also:Poland and the See also:residence of some of the See also:early Polish princes, including Boleslaus I.,
became the seat of a See also:Christian bishopric about the See also:middle of the loth century. The See also:original See also:settlement was on the right bank of the Warthe, but the new town, established on the opposite bank by See also:German settlers about 1250, soon became the more important part of the See also:double city. Posen became a See also:great See also:depot for the trade between Germany and western See also:Europe on the one See also:hand and Poland and See also:Russia on the other. Many See also:foreign merchants made the city their residence, and these included a See also:colony of Scots, who exported produce to See also:Edinburgh. The city attained the See also:climax of its prosperity in the 16th century, when its See also:population, according to one estimate, reached 8o,000. The intolerance shown to the Protestants, the troubles of the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War, the See also:plague and other causes, soon conspired to See also:change this See also:state of affairs, and in the 18th century the population sank to 12,000. New See also:life was infused into the city after its See also:annexation by See also:Prussia at the second See also:partition of Poland in 1793, and since this date its growth has been rapid.
See Lukaszewicz, Historisch-statistisches Bild der Stadt Posen 968–1793 (Ger. trans., Posen, 1881); See also:Ohlenschlager, Kurzgefasste Geschichte and Beschreibung der Stadt Posen (Posen, 1886) ; Warschauer, Stadtbuch von Posen (Posen, 1892) ; and Fiihrer durch Posen (Posen, 1895).
End of Article: POSEN (Polish Poznan)
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