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Ishtar); the second is a Palmyrene name `Attie (i.e. tempus opportunum), which occurs as part of many compounds. As a consequence of the first See also:

HALF

half of the name, Atargatis has frequently, though wrongly, been identified with Astarte. The two deities were, no doubt, of See also:

COMMON

common origin, but their cults are historically distinct. In 2 Macc. xii. 26 we find reference to an Atargateion or Atergateion (See also:

temple of Atargatis) at Carnion in See also:

GILEAD (i.e. " hard " or " rugged," a name sometimes used, both in earlier and in later writers, to denote the whole of the territory occupied by the Israelites eastward of Jordan, extending from the Arnon to the southern base of Hermon (Dent. xxxiv. 1; J

Gilead (cf. 1 Macc. v.

43), but the See also:

home of the goddess was unquestionably not See also:

PALESTINE

Palestine, but Syria proper, expecially at See also:

HIERAPOLIS

Hierapolis (q.v.), where she had a See also:

GREAT

great temple. From Syria her See also:

WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship extended to See also:

GREECE

Greece, See also:

Italy and the furthest See also:

west. Lucian and See also:

APULEIUS, LUCIUS

Apuleius give descriptions of the See also:

BEGGAR

beggar-priests who went See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the great cities with an See also:

IMAGE (Lat. imago, perhaps from the same root as imitari, copy, imitate)

image of the goddess on an See also:

ass and collected See also:

MONEY

money. The wide See also:

EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of the cult is attributable largely to Syrian merchants; thus we find traces of it in the great seaport towns; at See also:

DELOS

Delos especially numerous See also:

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions have been found bearing See also:

witness to its importance. Again we find the cult in See also:

SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, introduced, no doubt, by slaves and See also:

MERCENARY (Lat. mercenarius, from merces, reward, gain)

mercenary troops, who carried it even to the farthest See also:

NORTHERN

northern limits of the See also:

ROMAN

Roman See also:

EMPIRE

empire. In many cases, however, Atargatis and Astarte are fused to such an extent as to be indistinguishable. This See also:

FUSION

fusion is exemplified by the Carnion temple, which is probably identical with the famous temple of Astarte at Ashtaroth-Karnaim. Atargatis appears generally as. the wife of See also:

HADAD

Hadad (See also:

BAAL

Baal). They are the protecting deities of the community. Atargatis, in the capacity of aohwuxos, wears a mural See also:

CROWN

crown, is the ancestor of the royal See also:

house, the founder of social and religious See also:

LIFE

life, the goddess of See also:

GENERATION (from Lat. generare, to beget, procreate; genus, stock, race)

generation and fertility (hence the prevalence of phallic emblems), and the inventor of useful appliances. Not unnaturally she is identified with the See also:

Greek See also:

APHRODITE

Aphrodite. By the See also:

CONJUNCTION (from Lat. conjungere, to join together)

conjunction of these many functions, she becomes ultimately a great Nature-Goddess, analogous to See also:

CYBELE, or CYBEBE (Gr. Ku/3X, Ku,(3i7sn)

Cybele and See also:

RHEA

Rhea (see GREAT See also:

MOTHER

MOTHER OF THE GODS); in one aspect she typifies the See also:

FUNCTION

function of See also:

WATER

water in producing life; in another, the universal mother-See also:

earth (See also:

MACROBIUS, AMBROSIUS THEODOSIUS

Macrobius, See also:

Saturn, i.

23); in a third (influenced, no doubt, by Chaldaean See also:

ASTROLOGY

astrology), the See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of destiny. The legends are numerous and of an astrological See also:

CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, intended to See also:

account for the Syrian See also:

dove-worship and See also:

ABSTINENCE (from Lat. abstinere, to abstain)

abstinence from fish (see the See also:

story in See also:

ATHENAEUS

Athenaeus viii. 37, where Atargatis is derived from amp Fanbos," without Gatis,"—a See also:

queen who is said to have forbidden the eating of fish). Thus Diodorus Siculus, using See also:

CTESIAS

Ctesias, tells how she See also:

fell in love with a, youth who wasworshipping at the See also:

SHRINE (Lat. scrinium, a case or chest for books, hence a casket; from scribere, to write, Fr. ecrin, Ital. scrigno)

shrine of Aphrodite, and by him became the mother of See also:

SEMIRAMIS (c. 800 B.C.)

Semiramis, the See also:

ASSYRIAN

Assyrian queen, and how in shame she flung herself into a See also:

POOL

pool at See also:

ASCALON

Ascalon or Hierapolis and was changed into a fish (W. See also:

Robertson See also:

Smith in Eng. Hist. Rev. ii., 1887). In another story she was hatched from an See also:

egg found by some fish in the See also:

EUPHRATES (Babylon. Purattu, Heb. Perath, Arab. Frdt or Furst, Old Pers. Ufratu, Gr. Eb4 parrls)

Euphrates and by them thrust on the See also:

BANK

bank where it was hatched by a dove; out of gratitude she persuaded See also:

JUPITER

Jupiter to See also:

TRANSFER (from Lat. transferre, to bear across, carry over)

transfer the fish to the See also:

ZODIAC (o i'w&arcds rvKcXor, from d,&ov, " a little animal ")

Zodiac (cf. See also:

OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid, Fast. ii, 459-474, Metam. v. 331). See articles s.v. in See also:

Herzog-Hauck, Realencyk. (1897), by W.

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