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BOZRAH

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 356 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BOZRAH . (I) A See also:

capital of See also:Edom (Gen. See also:xxxvi. 33; See also:Amos i. 12; Is. xxxiv. 6, Ixiii. I), doubtfully identified with el-Buseireh, S.E. of the Dead See also:Sea, in the broken See also:country N. of See also:Petra; the ruins here are comparatively unimportant. It is the centre of a See also:pastoral See also:district, and its inhabitants, who number between See also:loo and 200, are all shepherds. (2) A See also:city in the Mishor or See also:plain country of See also:Moab, denounced by See also:Jeremiah (xlviii. 24). It has been identified (also questionably) with a very extensive collection of ruins of various ages, now called Bosra (the See also:Roman Bostra), situated in the Hauran, about 8o m. See also:south of See also:Damascus. The See also:area within the walls is about 11'- m. in length, and nearly x m. in breadth, while extensive suburbs See also:lie to the See also:east, See also:north and See also:west. The See also:principal buildings which can still be distinguished are a See also:temple, an See also:aqueduct, a large See also:theatre (enclosed by a See also:castle of much more See also:recent workmanship), several See also:baths, a triumphal and other See also:arches, three mosques, and what are known as the See also:church and See also:convent of the See also:monk Boheira.

In A.D. ro6 the city was beautified and perhaps restored from ruin by See also:

Trajan, who made it the capital of the new See also:province of See also:Arabia. In the reign of See also:Alexander See also:Severus it was made a See also:colony, and in 244, a native of the See also:place, See also:Philippus, ascended the imperial See also:throne. By the See also:time of See also:Constantine the See also:Great it seems to have been Christianized, and not See also:long after it was the seat of an extensive bishopric. It was one of the first cities of See also:Syria to be subjected to the Mahommedans, and it successfully resisted all the attempts of the Crusaders to wrest it from their hands. As See also:late as the 14th See also:century it was a populous city, after which it gradually See also:fell into decay. It is now inhabited by See also:thirty or See also:forty families only. Another suggested See also:identification is with Kumar el-Besheir, equidistant (2 m.) from Dibon and Aroer. This is perhaps the same as the Bezer mentioned in See also:Deuteronomy and See also:Joshua as a levitical city and a city of See also:refuge. In x Macc. v. 26 there is mention of Bosor and of Bosora. The latter is probably to be identified with Bosra, the former perhaps with the See also:present ]3usr el-Hariri in the south-east corner of the Leja. (R.

A. S.

End of Article: BOZRAH

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