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ELIS

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 279 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ELIS , the See also:

chief See also:city of the See also:ancient See also:Greek See also:district of Elis, was situated on the See also:river Peneus, just where it passes from the mountainous district of Acrorea into the See also:champaign below. According to native tradition, it was originally founded by Oxylus, the See also:leader of the Aetolians, whose statue stood in the See also:market-See also:place. In 471 B.C. it received a See also:great See also:extension by the See also:incorporation (synoecism) of various small hamlets, whose inhabitants took up their See also:abode in the city. Up to this date it only occupied the See also:ridge of the See also:hill now called Kalaskopi, to the See also:south of the Peneus, but afterwards it spread out in several suburbs, and even to the other See also:side of the stream. As all the athletes who intended to take See also:part in the Olympic See also:games were obliged to undergo a See also:month's training in the city, its gymnasiums were among its See also:principal institutions. They were three in number —the " Xystos," with its avenues of See also:plane-trees, its plethrion or See also:wrestling-place, its altars to Heracles, to See also:Eros and See also:Anteros, to See also:Demeter and Kore (Cora), and its See also:cenotaph of See also:Achilles; the " Tetragonon," appropriated to See also:boxing exercises; and the " Maltho," in the interior of which was a See also:hall or See also:council chamber called Lalichmion after its founder. The market-place was of the old-fashioned type, with porticoes at intervals and paths leading between them. It was called the See also:Hippodrome because it was commonly used for exercising horses. Among the other See also:objects of See also:interest were the See also:temple of See also:Artemis Philomirax; the Hellanodicaeon, or See also:office of the Hellanodicae; the Corcyrean Hall, a See also:building in the Dorian See also:style with two facades, built of spoils from Corcyra; a temple of See also:Apollo Acesius; a temple of See also:Silenus; an ancient structure supported on oaken pillars and reputed to be the See also:burial-place of Oxylus; the building where the sixteen See also:women of Elis were wont to weave a robe for the statue of See also:Hera at See also:Olympia; the temple of See also:Aphrodite, with a statue of the goddess by See also:Pheidias as Urania with a See also:tortoise beneath her See also:foot, and by See also:Scopas as Pandemos, See also:riding on a See also:goat; and the See also:shrine of See also:Dionysus, whose festival, the Thyia, was yearly celebrated in the neighbourhood. On the See also:acropolis was a temple of See also:Athena, with a See also:gold and See also:ivory statue by Pheidias. The See also:history of the See also:town is closely identified with that of the See also:country. In 399 B.C. it was occupied by See also:Agis, See also:king of See also:Sparta.

The acropolis was fortified in 312 by See also:

Telesphorus, the See also:admiral of Antigonus, but it was shortly afterwards dismantled by See also:Philemon, another of his generals. A view of the site is given by See also:Stanhope. It is now called Palaeopolis. No traces of any buildings can be identified, the only remains visible dating from See also:Roman times. See See also:Pausanias vi. 23-26; J. See also:Spencer Stanhope, Olympia and Elis (1824), See also:folio; W. M. See also:Leake, Morea (1830) ; E. See also:Curtius, See also:Peloponnesus (1851–1852); See also:Schiller, Stdmme and Staaten Griechenlands; C. See also:Bursian, Geographie von Griechenland (1868–1872); P. See also:Gardner, " The Coins of Elis," in Num.

Chr. (1879). (E.

End of Article: ELIS

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