Online Encyclopedia

bull-frog R. catesbiana. The genus Rana may be defined as firmisternal Ecaudata with cylindrical transverse processes to the sacral vertebra, See also:

TEETH (O.E. Eel); plural of tooth, O.E. top)

teeth in the upper See also:

JAW (Mid. Eng. jawe, jowe and geowe, O. Eng. cheowan, connected with " chaw " and " chew," and in form with " jowl ")

jaw and on the vomer, a protrusible See also:

TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue which is See also:

FREE

free and forked behind, a See also:

HORIZONTAL

horizontal See also:

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil and more or less webbed toes. It includes about 200 species, distributed over the whole See also:

WORLD

world ' The word " frog " is in O.E. frocga or frox, cf. Dutch vorsch, Ger. Frosch; See also:

SKEAT, WALTER WILLIAM (1835– )

Skeat suggests a possible See also:

ORIGINAL

original source in the See also:

root meaning " to jump," " to See also:

SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring," cf. Ger. froh, glad, joyful and " frolic." The See also:

TERM

term is also applied to the following See also:

OBJECTS

objects: the horny See also:

PART

part in the center of a See also:

HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse's hoof ; an See also:

ATTACHMENT

attachment to a See also:

belt for suspending a See also:

SWORD (0. Eng. sweord; ultimately from an Indo-European root meaning to wound)

sword, See also:

BAYONET

bayonet, &c.; a fastening for the front of a coat, still used in military See also:

UNIFORMS

uniforms, consisting of two buttons on opposite sides joined by ornamental looped braids; and, in See also:

RAIL

rail-way construction, the point where two rails See also:

CROSS

cross. These may be various transferred applications of the name of the animal, but the " frog " of a horse was also called " frush," probably a corruption of the See also:

French name fourchette, lit. little See also:

FORK (Lat. furca)

fork. The ornamental braiding is also more probably due to " See also:

FROCK

frock," See also:

Lat. floccus. with the exception of the greater part of See also:

South See also:

AMERICA

America and memorial erected by the See also:

queen to See also:

LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady See also:

AUGUSTA

Augusta See also:

Stanley (d. See also:

AUSTRALIA

Australia. Some of the species are thoroughly aquatic and have fully webbed toes, others are terrestrial, except during the breeding See also:

SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season, others are adapted for burrowing, by means of the much-enlarged and See also:

sharp-edged tubercle at the See also:

BASE

base of the inner toe, whilst not a few have the tips of the digits dilated into disks by which they are able to climb on trees.

In most of the older classifications See also:

GREAT

great importance was attached to these physiological characters, and a number of genera were established which, owing to the numerous annectent forms which have since been discovered, must be abandoned. The arboreal species were thus associated with the true See also:

tree-frogs, regardless of their See also:

INTERNAL

internal structure. We now know that such adaptations are of comparatively small importance, and cannot be utilized for establishing See also:

groups higher than genera in a natural or phylogenetic See also:

CLASSIFICATION (Lat. classis, a class, probably from the root cal-, cla-, as in Gr. icaMce, clamor)

classification. The tree-frogs, Hylidae, with which the arboreal Ranidae were formerly grouped, show in their anatomical structure a See also:

close resemblance to the toads, Bufonidae, and are therefore placed far away from the true frogs, however great the superficial resemblance between them. Some frogs grow to a large See also:

SIZE

size. The bull-frog of the eastern See also:

UNITED

United States and See also:

CANADA

Canada, reaching a length of nearly 8 in. from snout to vent, See also:

long regarded as the See also:

GIANT (O.E. geant, through Fr. giant, O.Fr. gaiant, jaiant, jeant, med. pop. Lat. gagante—cf. Ital. gigante—by assimilation from gigantem, ace. of Lat. gigas, Gr. yiyas)

giant of the genus, has been surpassed by the See also:

DISCOVERY

discovery of Rana guppyi (8; in.) in the See also:

Solomon Islands, and of Rana See also:

GOLIATH

goliath (ro in.) in South Cameroon. The family Ranidae embraces a large number of genera, some of which are very remarkable. Among these may be mentioned the hairy frog of See also:

West See also:

Africa, Trichobatrachus robustus, some specimens of which have the sides of the See also:

BODY

body and of the See also:

HIND

hind limbs covered with long villosities, the See also:

FUNCTION

function of which is unknown, and its ally Gampsosteonyx batesi, in which the last See also:

PHALANX (Gr. /&Xa'y, , of unknown origin)

phalanx of the fingers and toes is sharp, claw-like and perforates the skin. To this family also belong the Rhacophorus of eastern See also:

ASIA

Asia, arboreal frogs, some of which are remarkable for the extremely See also:

DEVELOPED

developed webs between the fingers and toes, which are believed to See also:

ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act as a See also:

PARACHUTE (from Ital. parare, to shield, protect; cf. " parasol," " parapet," and Fr. chute, a fall)

parachute when the frog leaps from the branches of trees (flying-frog of A. R. See also:

Wallace), whilst others have been observed to make aerial nests between leaves overhanging See also:

WATER

water, a See also:

HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit which is shared by their near allies the Chiromantis of tropical Africa. Dimorphognathus, from West Africa, is the unique example of a sexual dimorphism in the dentition, the See also:

MALES

males being provided with a See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of large sharp teeth in the See also:

LOWER

lower jaw, which in the See also:

FEMALE

female, as in most other members of the family, is edentulous.

The curious horned frog of the Solomon Islands, Ceratobatrachus guentheri, which can hardly be separated from the Ranidae, has teeth in the lower jaw in both sexes, whilst a few forms, such as Dendrobates and Cardioglossa, which on this See also:

account have been placed in a distinct family, have no teeth at all, as in toads. These facts militate strongly against the importance which was once attached to the dentition in the classification of the tailless batrachians. FROG-See also:

BIT (from the verb " to bite," either in the sense of a piece bitten off, or an act of biting, or a thing that bites or is bitten)

BIT, in See also:

BOTANY (from Gr. l3or6v17, plant; ,66vicety, to graze)

botany, the See also:

ENGLISH

English name for a small floating See also:

HERB (Lat. herba, grass, food for cattle, generally taken to represent the Old Lat. forbea, Gr. 4op(3i1, pasture, <0p/3Ew, to feed, Sans. bharb, to eat)

herb known botanically as Hydrocharis Morsus-Ranae, a member of the order See also:

HYDROCHARIDEAE

Hydrocharideae, a family of Monocotyledons. The plant has rosettes of roundish floating leaves, and multiplies like the See also:

STRAWBERRY (Fragaria)

strawberry plant by means of runners, at the end of which new See also:

LEAF (O. Eng. leaf, cf. Dutch loof, Ger. Laub, Swed. lof, &c.; possibly to be referred to the root seen in Gr. Ma-eta, to peel, strip)

leaf-rosettes develop. Staminate and pistillate See also:

FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers are See also:

BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne on different See also:

PLANTS

plants; they have three small See also:

green sepals and three broadly ovate See also:

white membranous petals. The See also:

FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit, which is fleshy, is not found in See also:

BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain. The plant occurs in ponds and ditches in See also:

England and is rare in See also:

Ireland.

End of Article: FROG

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.

» Add information or comments to this article.

Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.

Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
FROEBEL, FRIEDRICH WILHELM AUGUST (1782-1852)

[next]
FROGMORE