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See also:HAARLEM See also:LAKE (Dutch Harlemmer See also:Meer) , a See also:commune of the See also:province of See also:North See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland, constituted by the See also:law of the 16th of See also:July 1855. It has an See also:area of about 46,000 acres, and its See also:population increased from 7237 in i86o to 16,621 in 1900. As its name indicates, the commune was formerly a lake, which is said to have been a relic of a See also:northern See also:arm of the See also:Rhine which passed through the See also:district in the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of the See also:Romans. In 1531 the Haarlemmer Meer had an area of 6430 acres, and in its vicinity were three smaller sheets of See also:water—the Leidsche Meer or See also:Leiden Lake, the Spiering Meer, and the Oude Meer or Old Lake, with a See also:united area of about 7600 acres. The four lakes were formed into one by successive inundations, whole villages disappearing in the See also:process, and by 1647 the new Haarlem Lake had an area of about 37,000 acres, which a See also:century later had increased to over 42,000 acres. As See also:early as 1643 See also:Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater proposed to endike and drain the lake; and similar schemes, among which those of Nikolaas See also:Samuel Cruquius in 1742 and of See also:Baron See also:van Lijnden van Hemmen in 1820 are worthy of See also:special mention, were brought forward from time to time. But it was not till a furious See also:hurricane in See also:November 1836 drove the See also:waters as far as the See also:gates of See also:Amsterdam, and another on See also:Christmas See also:Day sent them in the opposite direction to sub-See also:merge the streets of Leiden, that the mind of the nation was seriously turned to the See also:matter. In See also:August 1837 the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king appointed a royal See also:commission of inquiry; the See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme proposed by the commission received the See also:sanction of the Second Chamber in See also:March 1839, and in the following May the See also:work was begun. A See also:canal was first dug See also:round the lake for the reception of the water and the See also:accommodation of the See also:great See also:traffic which had previously been carried on. This canal was 38 M. in length, 123–146 ft. wide, and 8 ft. deep, and the See also:earth which was taken out of it was used to build a See also:dike from 30 to 54 yds. broad containing the lake. The area enclosed by the canal was rather more than 70 sq. m., and the See also:average See also:depth of the lake 13 ft. 11 in., and as the water had no natural outfall it was calculated that probably l000 million tons would have to be raised by See also:mechanical means.
This amount was 200 million tons in excess of that actually discharged. Pumping by See also:steam-engines began in 1848, and the lake was dry by the 1st of July 1852. At the first See also:sale of the highest lands along the See also:banks on the 16th of August 1853, about £28 per See also:acre was paid; but the average See also:price afterwards was less. The whole area of 42,096 acres recovered from the waters brought in 9,400,000 florins, or about £780,000, exactly covering the cost of the enterprise; so that the actual cost to the nation was only the amount of the See also:interest on the See also:capital, or about £368,000. The See also:soil is of various kinds, See also:loam, See also:clay, See also:sand and See also:peat; most of it is sufficiently fertile, though in the See also:lower portions there are barren patches where the scanty vegetation is covered with an ochreous See also:deposit. See also:Mineral springs occur containing a very high percentage (3'_245 grams per litre) of See also:common See also:salt; and in 1893 a See also:company was formed for working them. See also:Corn, seeds, See also:cattle, See also:butter and See also:cheese are the See also:principal produce. The roads which See also:traverse the commune are bordered by pleasant-looking See also:farm-houses built after the various styles of Holland, See also:Friesland or See also:Brabant. Hoofddorp, Venneperdorp or Nieuw Vennep, Abbenes and the vicinities of the pumping-stations are the spots where the population has clustered most thickly. The first See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church was built in 1855; in 1877 there were seven. In 1854 the See also:city of Leiden laid claim to the See also:possession of the new territory, but the courts decided in favour of the nation.
End of Article: HAARLEM LAKE (Dutch Harlemmer Meer)
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