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JUBBULPORE, or JABALPUR

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 532 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JUBBULPORE, or JABALPUR , a See also:city, See also:district, and See also:division of See also:British See also:India in the Central Provinces. The city is 616 m. N.E. of Bombay by See also:rail, and 220 M. S.W. of See also:Allahabad. Pop. (1901), 96,316. The numerous See also:gorges in the neighbouring rocks have been taken See also:advantage of to surround the city with a See also:series of lakes, which, shaded by See also:fine trees and bordered by fantastic crags, add much beauty to the suburbs. The city itself is See also:modern, and is laid out in wide and See also:regular streets. A streamlet separates the See also:civil station and See also:cantonment from the native See also:quarter; but, though the See also:climate is mild, a swampy hollow beneath renders the site unhealthy for Europeans. Formerly the See also:capital of the See also:Saugor and See also:Nerbudda territories, Jubbulpore is now the headquarters of a See also:brigade in the 5th division of the See also:southern See also:army. It is also one of the most important railway centres in India, being the junction of the See also:Great See also:Indian See also:Peninsula and the See also:East Indian systems. It has a See also:steam See also:cotton-See also:mill.

The See also:

government See also:college educates for the See also:science course of the Allahabad University, and also contains See also:law and See also:engineering classes; there are three aided high See also:schools, a law class, an engineering class and normal schools for male and See also:female teachers. A native association, established in 1869, supports an orphanage, with help from government. A See also:zenana See also:mission manages 13 schools for girls. Waterworks were constructed in 1882. The DISTRICT of JUBBULPORE lies on the See also:watershed between the Nerbudda and the Son, but mostly within the valley of the former See also:river, which here runs through the famous See also:gorge known as the See also:Marble rocks, and falls 30 ft. over a rocky ledge (the Dhuan See also:dhar, or " misty shoot "). See also:Area, 3912 sq. m. It consists of a See also:long narrow See also:plain See also:running See also:north-east and See also:south-See also:west, and shut in on all sides by See also:highlands. This plain, which forms an off-shoot from the great valley of the Nerbudda, is covered in its western and southern portions by a See also:rich alluvial See also:deposit of See also:black cotton-See also:soil. At Jubbulpore city the soil is sandy, and See also:water plentiful near the See also:surface. The north and east belong to the See also:Ganges and See also:Jumna basins, the south and west to the Nerbudda See also:basin. In Igor the See also:population was 680,585, showing a decrease of 9% since 1891, due to the results of See also:famine. The See also:principal crops are See also:wheat, See also:rice, See also:pulse and oil-seeds.

A See also:

good See also:deal of See also:iron-smelting with See also:charcoal is carried on in the forests, See also:manganese ore is found, and See also:limestone is extensively quarried. The district is traversed by the See also:main railway from Bombay to See also:Calcutta, and by new branches of two other lines which meet at Katni junction. Jubbulpore suffered severely in the famine of 1896–1897, the See also:distress being aggravated by See also:immigration from the adjoining native states. Fortunately the famine of 1900 was less severely See also:felt. The See also:early See also:history of Jubbulpore isunknown; but See also:inscriptions See also:record the existence during the 11th and 12th centuries of a See also:local See also:line of princes of that Haihai See also:race which is closely connected with the history of See also:Gondwana. In the 16th See also:century the Gond See also:raja of Garha See also:Mandla extended his See also:power over fifty-two districts, including the See also:present Jubbulpore. During the minority of his See also:grandson, Asaf See also:Khan, the See also:viceroy of Kara Manikpur, conquered the Garha principality and held it at first as an See also:independent See also:chief. Eventually he submitted to the See also:emperor See also:Akbar. The See also:Delhi power, however, enjoyed little more than a nominal supremacy; and the princes of Garha Mandla maintained a See also:practical See also:independence until their subjugation by the Mahratta See also:governors of Saugor in 1781. In 1798 the See also:peshwa granted the Nerbudda valley to the Bhonsla princes of See also:Nagpur, who continued to hold the district until the British occupied it in 1818. The DIVIsIox OF JUBBULPORE lies mainly among the Vindhyan and See also:Satpura See also:hill systems. It comprises the five following districts: Jubbulpore, Saugor, See also:Damoh, See also:Seoni and Mandla.

Area, 18,950 sq. m.; pop. (Igor), 2,081,499.

End of Article: JUBBULPORE, or JABALPUR

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