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MACARONICS , a See also:species of See also:burlesque See also:poetry, in which words from a See also:modern See also:vernacular, with Latin endings, are introduced into Latin See also:verse, so as to produce a ridiculous effect. Sometimes See also:Greek is used instead of Latin. Tisi degli Odassi issued a Carmenmacaronicum de Patavinis in 1490. The real founder of the practice, however, was Teofilo See also:Folengo (1491-1544), whose See also:mock-heroic See also:Liber Macaronices appeared in 1517. Folengo (q.v.) was a See also:Benedictine See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
monk, who escaped from his monastery and wandered through See also:Italy, living a dissolute See also:life, and supporting himself by his absurd verses, which he described as an See also:attempt to produce in literature something like See also:macaroni, a See also:gross, See also:rude and rustic mixture of See also:flour, See also:cheese and See also:butter. He wrote under the See also:pseudonym of Merlinus Coccaius, and his poem is an elaborate burlesque epic, in twenty-five books, or macaronea; it is an extraordinary medley of chivalrous feats, ridiculous and squalid adventures, and satirical See also:allegory. Its effect upon the mind of See also:Rabelais was so extraordinary that no examination of Pantagruel can be See also:complete without a reference to it (cf. Gargantua, i. 19). It was immediately imitated in Italy by a number of See also:minor poets; and in See also:France a writer whose real name was See also:Antoine de la See also:Sable, but who called himself See also:Antonius de See also:Arena (d. 1544), published at See also:Avignon in 1573 a Meygra entrepriza, which was a burlesque See also:account of See also:Charles V.'s disastrous See also:campaign in See also:Provence. Folengo in Italy and Arena in France are considered as the macaronic See also:classics. In the 17th See also:century, Joannes See also:Caecilius See also:Frey (1580-1631) published a Recitus veritabilis, on a skirmish between the See also:vine-growers of See also:Rueil and the bowmen of See also:Paris. See also:Great popularity was achieved later still by an See also:anonymous macaronic, entitled Funestissimus trepassus Micheli Morini, who died by falling off the See also:branch of an See also:elm-See also:- TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
- TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )
tree:
De branche in brancham degringolat, et faciens pouf Ex ormo cadit, et See also:clunes obvertit Olympo.
See also:Moliere employed macaronic verse in the ceremonial See also:scene with the doctors in Le Malade imaginaire. See also:Works in macaronic See also:prose are rarer. An See also:Anti-Clopinus by Antony See also:Hotman may be mentioned and the amusing Epistolae obscurorum virorum (1515). Macaronic prose was not unknown as an artifice of serious See also:oratory, and abounds (e.g.) in the sermons of See also:Michel Menot (1440-1518), who says of the prodigal son, Emit See also:sibi pulcheras caligas d'ecarlate, bien tirees.
The use of true macaronies has never been frequent in Great See also:Britain, where the only prominent example of it is the Polemo-Middinia ascribed to See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Drummond of Hawthornden. This See also:short epic was probably composed See also:early in the 17th century, but was not published until 1684. The Polemo-Middinia follows the example set by Arena, and describes with burlesque solemnity a See also:quarrel between two villages on the See also:Firth of Forth. Drummond shows great ingenuity in the tacking on of Latin terminations to his See also:Lowland Scots vernacular:
Lifeguardamque sibi saevas vocat improba lassas,
Maggaeam, magis doctam milkare cowaeas,
Et doctam sweepare flooras, et sternere beddas,
Quaeque novit spinnare, et longas ducere threedas.
There is a certain macaronic See also:character about many poems of See also:Skelton and See also:Dunbar, as well as the famous Barnabae See also:itinerarium (1638) of See also:Richard See also:Brathwait (1588-1673), but these cannot be considered legitimate specimens of the type as laid down by Folengo.
See Ch. See also:Nodier, Du Langage factice ¢ pele macaronique(1834); Genthe, Histoire de la poesie macaronique (1831). (E.
End of Article: MACARONICS
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