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reason why intelligence may not be transmitted by electricity." In a few days he had completed rough drafts of the necessary apparatus, which he displayed to his fellow-passengers.' During the twelve years that followed Morse was engaged in a painful struggle to perfect his invention and secure for it a proper presentation to the public.

In poverty he pursued his new enterprise, making his own See also:

MODELS

models, moulds and castings, denying himself the See also:

COMMON

common necessaries of life. It was not until 1836 that he completed any apparatus that would See also:

WORK

work, and finally, on the 2nd of See also:

SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1837, the See also:

INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument was exhibited to a few See also:

friends in the See also:

BUILDING

building of the university of the See also:

CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

City of New See also:

York, where a circuit of 1700 ft. of See also:

COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper See also:

WIRE (A.S. wir, a wire; cf. Swed. vire, to twist, M.H.G. wiere, a gold ornament, Lat. viriae, armlets, ultimately from the root wi, to twist, bind)

wire had been set up, with such satisfactory results as to awaken the See also:

PRACTICAL

practical interest of the Messrs Vail, See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron and See also:

brass workers in New Jersey, who thenceforth became associated with Morse in his undertaking. Morse's See also:

PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

petition for a patent was soon followed by a petition to See also:

CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress for an See also:

APPROPRIATION (from Lat. appropriare, to set aside)

appropriation to defray the expense of subjecting the See also:

TELEGRAPH (Gr. Tike, far, and rypaq5eiv, to write)

telegraph to actual experiment over a length sufficient to establish its feasibility and demonstrate its value. The See also:

COMMITTEE (from commute, an Anglo-Fr. past participle of commettre, Lat. committere, to entrust; the modern Fr. equivalent comite is derived from the Eng.)

committee on See also:

commerce, to whom the petition was referred, reported favourably. Congress, however, adjourned without making the appropriation, and meanwhile Morse sailed for Europe to take out See also:

PATENTS

patents there. The trip was not a success. In England his application was refused, and, while he obtained a patent in See also:

France, it was subsequently appropriated by the See also:

French See also:

government without See also:

COMPENSATION (from Lat. compensare, to weigh one thing against another)

compensation to himself. His negotiations also with See also:

Russia proved futile, and after a year's See also:

ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence he returned to New York. In 1843 Congress passed the See also:

long-delayed appropriation, steps were at once taken to construct a telegraph from See also:

Baltimore to Washington, and on the 24th of May 1844 it was used for the first time. In 1847 Morse was compelled to defend his invention in the courts, and successfully vindicated his claim to be called the See also:

ORIGINAL

original inventor of the electromagnetic recording telegraph. In 1858 the representatives of See also:

Austria, See also:

Belgium, France, the See also:

NETHERLANDS

Netherlands, See also:

PIEDMONT (Ital. Piemonte; Low Lat. Pedemons and Pedemontium)

Piedmont, Russia, the See also:

HOLY

Holy See, See also:

Sweden, See also:

Tuscany and See also:

TURKEY

Turkey appropriated the sum of 400,000 francs in recognition of the use of his See also:

INSTRUMENTS

instruments in those countries. He died on the 2nd of April 1872, at New York, where his statue in See also:

BRONZE

bronze now stands in the Central See also:

Park.

(See TELEGRAPH.) He introduced into See also:

AMERICA

America See also:

DAGUERRE, LOUIS JACQUES MANDE (1789-1851)

Daguerre's See also:

PROCESS

process of See also:

photography, patented a See also:

MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble-cutting See also:

machine in 1823, and in 1842 made experiments with telegraphy by a submarine See also:

cable. See S. See also:

IRENAEUS

Irenaeus See also:

PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

Prime, Life of S. F. B. Morse (New York, 1875). MORSE, the ornamented See also:

BROOCH, or BROACH (from the Fr. broths, originally an awl or bodkin; a spit is sometimes called a broach, and hence the phrase " to broach a barrel "; see BROKER)

brooch by which a See also:

cope is fastened. The usual See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form is a large circular clasp made of See also:

gold or See also:

SILVER

silver and studded with jewels. A 14-See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century " morse " ornamented with translucent See also:

ENAMEL (formerly " amel," derived through the Fr. amail, emmll, esmail, from a Latin word smaltum, first found in a 9th-century life of Leo IV.)

enamel is in the See also:

BRITISH

British Museum. The word comes through the O. Fr. mors, from the See also:

Lat. morsus, the catch of a See also:

BUCKLE, HENRY THOMAS (1821–1862)

buckle, from mordere, to bite.

End of Article: MORSE, SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE (1791—1872)

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