|
See also:WLADISLAUS I . (1260-1333), See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Poland, called Lokietek, or " Span-See also:long," from his diminutive stature, was the re-creator of the See also:Polish See also:realm, which in consequence of See also:internal quarrels had at the end of the 13th See also:century split up into fourteen in-dependent principalities, and become an easy See also:prey to her neighbours, Bohemia, Lithuania, and, most dangerous of all, the See also:Teutonic See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
Order. In 1296 the gentry of See also:Great Poland elected Wladislaus, then See also:prince of Cujavia, to reign over them; but
In Hungarian See also:history the Polish Wladislaus (Ma g. is distinguished from the Hungarian See also:Ladislaus (Laszlo. They are reckoned separately for purposes of numbering. Besides the Wladislaus See also:kings of Poland, there were three earlier See also:dukes of this name: Wladislaus I. (d. 1102), Wladislaus II. (of See also:Cracow, d. 1163) and Wladislaus III., See also:duke of Great Poland and Cracow (d. 1231). By some historians these are included in the numbering of the Polish sovereigns, King Wladislaus I. being thus IV. and so on.distrusting the capacity of the taciturn little See also:man, they changed their minds and placed themselves under the See also:protection of the powerful See also:Wenceslaus, king of Bohemia, who was crowned at See also:Gnesen in 1300. Wladislaus thereupon went to See also:Rome, where See also:Pope See also:Boniface VIII., jealous of the growing See also:influence of Bohemia, adopted his cause; and on the See also:death of Wenceslaus in 1305 Wladislaus succeeded in uniting beneath his sway the principalities of Little and Great Poland. From the first he was beset with great difficulties. The towns, mostly of See also:German origin, and the prelates headed by Muskata, See also:bishop of Cracow, were against him because he endeavoured to make use of their riches for the See also:defence of the sorely pressed See also:state. The rebellious magistrates of Cracow he succeeded in suppressing, but he had to invoke the aid of the Teutonic Order to See also:save See also:Danzig from the margraves of See also:Brandenburg, thus saddling Poland with a far more dangerous enemy; for the Order not only proceeded to treat Danzig as a conquered See also:city, but claimed See also:possession of the whole of See also:Pomerania. Wladislaus thereupon (1317) appealed to Pope See also:John XXII., and a tribunal of See also:local prelates appointed by the See also:holy see ultimately (Feb. 9, 1321) pronounced See also:judgment in favour of Wladislaus, and condemned the Order not only to restore Pomerania but also to pay heavy See also:damages. But the knights appealed to Rome; the pope reversed the judgment of his own tribunal; and the only result of these negotiations was a long and bloody six years' See also:war (1327-1333) between Poland and the Order, in which all the princes of Central See also:Europe took See also:part, See also:Hungary and Lithuania siding with Wladislaus, and Bohemia, Masovia and See also:Silesia with the Order. It was not till the last See also:year but one of his See also:life that Wladislaus succeeded with the aid of his Hungarian See also:allies in inflicting upon the knights their first serious See also:reverse at Plowce (27th of See also:September 1332). In See also:March 1333 he died. He had laid the See also:foundations of a strong Polish See also:monarchy, and with the consent of the pope revived the royal dignity, being solemnly crowned king of Poland at Cracow on the loth of See also:January 1320. His reign is remarkable for the development of the Polish constitution, the gentry and prelates being admitted to some See also:share in the See also:government of the See also:country.
See Max Perlbach, Preussisch-polnische Studien zur Geschichte See also:des Mittelalters (See also:Halle, 1886); See also:Julius A. G. von Pflugk-Harttung, Der deutsche Orden See also:im Kampfe Ludwigs des Bayern mit der Kurie (See also:Leipzig, 1900).
End of Article: WLADISLAUS I
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!