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ALCOCK, SIR RUTHERFORD (1809–1897)

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 525 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ALCOCK, See also:SIR See also:RUTHERFORD (1809–1897) , See also:British See also:consul and diplomatist, was the son of Dr See also:Thomas Alcock, who practised at See also:Ealing, near See also:London, and himself followed the medical. profession. In 1836 he became a surgeon in the marine See also:brigade which took See also:part in the Carlist See also:war, and gaining distinction by his services was made See also:deputy inspector-See also:general of hospitals. He retired from this service in 1837, and seven years later was appointed consul at See also:Fuchow in See also:China, where, after a See also:short See also:official stay at See also:Amoy, he performed the functions, as he himself expressed it, " of everything from a See also:lord See also:chancellor to a See also:sheriff's officer." Fuchow was one of the ports opened to See also:trade by the treaty of 1842, and Mr Alcock, as he then was, had to maintain an entirely new position with the See also:Chinese authorities. In so doing he was eminently successful, and earned for himself promotion to the consulate at See also:Shanghai. Thither he went in i846 and made it an especial part of his duties to superintend the See also:establishment and laying out of the British See also:settlement, which has See also:developed into such an important feature of British commercial See also:life in China. In 1858 he was appointed consul-general in the newly opened See also:empire of See also:Japan, and in the following See also:year was promoted to be See also:minister plenipotentiary. In those days See also:residence in Japan was surrounded with many dangers, and the See also:people were intensely hostile to foreigners. In 186o Mr Alcock's native interpreter was murdered at the See also:gate of the See also:legation, and in the following year the legation was stormed by a See also:body of Ronins whose attack was repulsed by Mr Alcock and his See also:staff. Shortly after this event he returned to See also:England on leave. Already he had been made a C.B. (1860); in 1862 he was made a K.C.B., and in 1863 hon. D.C.L.

Oxon. In 1864 he returned to Japan, and after a year's further residence he was transferred to See also:

Pekin, where he represented the British See also:government until 1871, when he retired. But though no longer in official life his leisure was fully occupied. He was for some years See also:president of the Royal See also:Geographical Society, and he served on many commissions. He was twice married, first in May 1841 to Henrietta See also:Mary, daughter of See also:Charles See also:Bacon, who died in 1853, and secondly (See also:July 8, 1862) to the widow of the Rev. See also:John Lowder, who died on the 13th of See also:March 1899. He was the author of several See also:works, and was one of the first to awaken in England an See also:interest in See also:Japanese See also:art; his best-known See also:book is The See also:Capital of the Tycoon, which appeared in 1863. He died in London on the 2nd of See also:November 1897. (R. K.

End of Article: ALCOCK, SIR RUTHERFORD (1809–1897)

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