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February 1864, before the prison was completed and before adequate supplies had been received, and in May their number amounted to about 12,000. In See also:

JUNE

June the stockade was enlarged so as to include 262 acres, but the congestion was only temporarily relieved, and in See also:

AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August the number of prisoners exceeded 32,000. No shelter had been provided for the inmates: the first arrivals made See also:

RUDE, FRANCOIS (1784–1855)

rude sheds from the debris of the stockade; the others made tents of blankets and other available pieces of See also:

CLOTH

cloth, or dug pits in the ground. Owing to the slender resources of the Confederacy, the prison was frequently See also:

SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short of See also:

food, and even when this was sufficient in quantity it was of a poor quality and poorly prepared on See also:

account of the lack of cooking utensils. The See also:

WATER

water See also:

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply, deemed ample when the prison was planned, became polluted under the congested conditions.

During the summer of 1864 the prisoners suffered greatly from See also:

HUNGER

hunger, exposure and disease, and in seven months about a third of them died. In the autumn, after the See also:

CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of See also:

ATLANTA

Atlanta, all the prisoners who could be moved were sent to Millen, Georgia and See also:

Florence, See also:

South Carolina. At Millen better arrangements prevailed, and when, after See also:

Sherman began his See also:

march to the See also:

sea, the prisoners were returned to Andersonville, the conditions there were somewhat improved. During the war 49,485 prisoners were received at the Andersonville prison, and of these about 13,000 died. The terrible conditions obtaining there were due to the lack of food supplies in the Confederate States, the incompetence of the prison officials, and the refusal of the Federal authorities in 1864 to make exchanges of prisoners, thus filling the stockade with unlooked-for See also:

numbers. After the war See also:

Henry Wirz, the See also:

SUPERINTENDENT

superintendent, was tried by a See also:

court-See also:

MARTIAL (MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS)

martial, and on the loth of November 1865 was hanged, and the See also:

REVELATION, BOOK OF

revelation of the sufferings of the prisoners was one of the factors that shaped public See also:

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion regarding the South in the See also:

NORTHERN

Northern states, after the close of the Civil War. The prisoners' See also:

BURIAL

burial ground at Andersonville has been made a See also:

NATIONAL

national See also:

CEMETERY (Gr. Korrsnri7pwv, from Hoiµav, to sleep)

cemetery, and contains 13,714 See also:

GRAVES, ALFRED PERCEVAL (1846— )

graves of which 921 are marked " unknown." There is an impartial account of the Andersonville prison in See also:

James F. See also:

Rhodes, See also:

HISTORY

History of the See also:

UNITED

United States (vol. v., New See also:

York, 1904). The See also:

PARTISAN, or PARTIZAN

partisan accounts are numerous; see, for instance, A. C. See also:

HAMLIN, HANNIBAL (1809-189x)

Hamlin, Martyria; or, Andersonville Prison (See also:

Boston, 1866); and R. R.

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