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APIS

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 169 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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APIS or HAPIS, the sacred See also:

bull of See also:Memphis, in See also:Egyptian Hp, See also:Hope, Hope. By See also:Manetho his See also:worship is said to have been instituted by IIalechos of the Second See also:Dynasty. Hape is named on very See also:early monuments, but little is known of the. divine See also:animal before the New See also:Kingdom. He was entitled " the renewal of the See also:life " of the Memphite See also:god Ptah: but after See also:death he became Osorapis, i.e. the See also:Osiris Apis, just as dead men were assimilated to Osiris, the See also:king of the underworld. This Osorapis was identified with See also:Serapis, and may well be really identical with him (see SERAPIS) : and See also:Greek writers make the Apis an incarnation of Osiris, ignoring the Connexion with Ptah. Apis was the most important of all the sacred animals in See also:Egypt, and, like the others, its iinportance increased as See also:time went on. Greek and See also:Roman authors have much to say about Apis, the marks by which the See also:black bull-See also:calf was recognized, the manner of his conception by a See also:ray from See also:heaven; his See also:house at Memphis with See also:court for disporting himself, the mode of prognostication from his actions, the See also:mourning at his death, his costly 'See also:burial and the rejoicings throughout" the See also:country when a new Apis was found. See also:Mariette's excavation of the Serapeum at Memphis revealed the tombs of over sixty animals, ranging from the time of Amenophis III. to that of See also:Ptolemy See also:Alexander. At first each animal was buried in a See also:separate See also:tomb with a See also:chapel built above it. Khamuis, the priestly son of See also:Rameses II. (c. 1300 Inc.), excavated a See also:great See also:gallery to be lined with the tomb See also:chambers; another similar gallery was added by Psammeti chus I.

The careful statement of the ages of the animals in the later instances, with the regnal See also:

dates for their See also:birth, enthronization and death have thrown much See also:light on the See also:chronology from the XXIInd dynasty onwards. The name of the See also:mother-cow and ' the See also:place of birth are often recorded. The sarcophagi are of immense See also:size, and the burial must have` entailed enormous expense. It is therefore remarkable that the See also:priest's contrived to See also:bury one of the animals in the See also:fourth See also:year ofCambyses. See See also:Jablonski, See also:Pantheon, ii.; Budge, Gods of the Egyptians, ii. 35o; Mariette-See also:Maspero, Le Serapeum de Memphis. (F.

End of Article: APIS

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