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snow-clad peaks of the eastern Pyrenees, the highest of which within the department is the Pic de Montcalm (10,512 ft.). Communication with Spain is afforded by a large number of ports or cols, which are, however, for the most part difficult paths, and only practicable for a few months in the See also:

YEAR

year. Farther to the See also:

north two lesser ranges See also:

RUNNING

running parallel to the See also:

main See also:

CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

chain See also:

TRAVERSE

traverse the centre of the department from See also:

south-See also:

east to north-See also:

west. The more southerly, the Montagne de Tabe, contains, at its south-eastern end, several heights between 7200 and 9200 ft., while the Montagnes de Plantaurel to the north of Foix are of lesser See also:

ALTITUDE (Lat. altitudo, from altus, high)

altitude. These latter See also:

DIVIDE

divide the fertile alluvial plains of the north from the mountains of the centre and south. The department is intersected by torrents belonging to the Garonne basin—the Salat, the Arize, which, near Mas d'Azil, flows through a subterranean See also:

GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery, the Ariege and the Hers. The See also:

CLIMATE

climate is mild in the south, but naturally very severe among the mountains.

Generally speaking, the arable See also:

LAND

land, which is chiefly occupied by small holdings, is confined to the lowlands. See also:

Wheat, See also:

MAIZE, or INDIAN CORN

maize and potatoes are the See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief crops. See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good vineyards and See also:

MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market gardens are found in the See also:

NEIGHBOUR (O. Eng. neahgebiir, from Walt, " nigh," " near ")

neighbour-See also:

hood of Pamiers in the north. See also:

FLAX

Flax and See also:

HEMP (in O. Eng. henep, cf. Dutch hennep, Ger. Hanf , cognate with Gr. Kavval3er, Lat. cannabis)

hemp are also cultivated. The mountains afford excellent pasture, and a considerable number of See also:

CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle, See also:

sheep and See also:

SWINE

swine are reared. Poultry- and See also:

BEE (Sanskrit blza, AS. ben, Lat. apis)

bee-farming flourish. Forests See also:

COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover more than one-third of the department and See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour See also:

WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild boars and even bears. See also:

GAME

Game, birds of See also:

PREY (0. Fr. preie, mod. proie, Lat. praeda, booty, from prae and the root hed—seen in prehendere, prendere, to grasp)

prey and See also:

fish are plentiful. There is abundance of minerals, including See also:

lead, See also:

COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper, See also:

MANGANESE (symbol Mn; atomic weight, 54.93 (0=16)], a metallic chemical element. Its dioxide (pyrolusite)

manganese and especially See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron. Grindstones, See also:

BUILDING

building-See also:

stone, See also:

TALC

talc, See also:

GYPSUM

gypsum, See also:

MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble and See also:

PHOSPHATES

phosphates are also produced. Warm See also:

MINERAL

mineral springs of See also:

note are found at Ax, Aulus and Ussat. Pamiers and St Girons are the most important See also:

INDUSTRIAL

industrial towns.

Iron See also:

FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding and See also:

FORGING

forging, which have their chief centre at Pamiers; are See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

INDUSTRIES

industries. See also:

FLOUR

Flour-milling, See also:

paper-making and See also:

CLOTH

cloth-See also:

WEAVING

weaving may also be mentioned. Ariege is served by the Southern railway. It forms the See also:

DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of Pamiers and belongs to the ecclesiastical See also:

province of See also:

Toulouse. It is within the circumscriptions of the academie (educational See also:

DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division) and of the See also:

court of See also:

APPEAL

appeal of Toulouse and of the XVII. See also:

army See also:

CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps. Its See also:

capital is Foix; it comprises the arrondissements of Foix, St Girons and Pamiers, with 20 cantons and 338 communes. Foix, Pamiers, St Girons and St Lizier-de-Couserans are the more noteworthy towns. Mention may also be made of Mirepoix, once the seat of a bishopric, and possessing a See also:

CATHEDRAL

cathedral (15th and 16th centuries) with a remarkable See also:

GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

SPIRE

spire.

End of Article: ARIEGE

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