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ASHMOLB, ELIAS (1617-1692)

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 733 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ASHMOLB, See also:ELIAS (1617-1692) , See also:English antiquarian, and founder of the Ashmolean Museum at See also:Oxford, was See also:born at See also:Lichfield on the 23rd of May 1617, the son of a saddler. In 1638 he became a See also:solicitor, and in 1644 was appointed conirniasioner of See also:excise. At Oxford, whither this brought him when the Royalist See also:Parliament was sitting there, he made See also:friends with See also:Captain (afterwards See also:Sir) See also:George See also:Wharton, through whose See also:influence he obtained the See also:king's See also:commission as captain of See also:horse and See also:comptroller of the See also:ordnance. In 1646 he was initiated as a Freemason—the first See also:gentleman, or See also:amateur, to be " accepted." In 1649 he married See also:Lady Mainwaring, some twenty years his See also:senior and a relative of his first wife who had died eight years before. This See also:marriage placed him in a position of affluence that enabled him to devote his whole See also:time to his favourite studies. His See also:interest in See also:astrology, aroused by Wharton, and by See also:William See also:Lilly,—whom with other astrologers he met in Limclon in 1646,—seems, in the followihg years, to have subsided in favour of See also:heraldry and antiquarian See also:research. In 1657 his wife petitioned for a separation, but failing to gain her See also:case returned to live with him. Between this crisis in his domestic See also:life and the time of her See also:death in 1668, Ashmole was in high favour at See also:court. He was made successively See also:Windsor See also:herald, See also:commissioner, comptroller and accountant-See also:general of excise, commissioner for Surinam and comptroller of the See also:White See also:Office. He afterwards refused the office of Garter king-at-arms in favour of Sir William See also:Dugdale, whose daughter he had married in 1668. In 1672 he published his Institutions, See also:Laws and Ceremonies of the See also:Order of the Garter, a See also:work which was practically exhaustive, and is an example of his See also:diligence and years of patient antiquarian research. Five years later he presented the Ashmolean Museum, the first public museum of curiosities in the See also:kingdom, the larger. See also:part of which he had inherited from a friend, See also:John Tradescant, to the university of Oxford.

He made it a See also:

condition that a suitable See also:building should be erected for its reception, and the collection was not finally installed until 1683. Subsequently he made the further See also:gift to the university of his library. He died on the 18th of May 1692.

End of Article: ASHMOLB, ELIAS (1617-1692)

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