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BARCLAY, JOHN (1582-1621)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 394 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BARCLAY, See also:JOHN (1582-1621) , Scottish satirist and Latin poet, was See also:born, on the 28th of See also:January 1582, at See also:Pont-a-Mousson, where his See also:father See also:William Barclay held the See also:chair of See also:civil See also:law. His See also:mother was a Frenchwoman of See also:good See also:family. His See also:early See also:education was obtained at the Jesuit See also:College. While there, at the See also:age of nineteen, he wrote a commentary on the Thebaid of See also:Statius. In 1603 he crossed with his father to See also:London. Barclay had persistently maintained his Scottish See also:nationality in his See also:French surroundings, and probably found in See also:James's See also:accession an opportunity which he would not let slip. He did not remain See also:long in See also:England, where he is supposed to have published the first See also:part of his Satyricon, for in 1605 when a second edition of that See also:book appeared in See also:Paris, he was there, having already spent some See also:time in See also:Angers, and being now the See also:husband of a French girl, See also:Louise Debonaire. He returned to London with his wife in 1606, and there published his Sylvae, a collection of Latin poems. In the following See also:year the second part of the Satyricon appeared in Paris. Barclay remained on in London till 1616. In 1609 he edited the De Potestate Papae, an See also:anti-papal See also:treatise by his father, who had died in the preceding year, and in 1611 he issued an Apologia or " third part " of the Satyricon, in See also:answer to the attacks of the See also:Jesuits and others who were probably embittered by the See also:tone of the earlier parts of the See also:satire. A so-called See also:fourth part," with the See also:title of See also:Icon Animorum, appeared in 1614.

James I. is said to have been attracted by his scholarship, but particulars of this, or of his See also:

life in London generally, are not avail-able. In 1616 he went to See also:Rome, for some See also:reason unexplained, and there resided till his See also:death on the 15th of See also:August 1621. He appears to have been on better terms with the See also:Church and notably with See also:Bellarmine; for in 1617 he issued, from a See also:press at See also:Cologne, a Paraenesis ad Sectarios, an attack on the position of Protestantism. The See also:literary effort of his closing years was his best-known See also:work the Argenis, completed about a fortnight before his death, which has been said to have been hastened by See also:poison. The See also:romance was printed in Paris in the same year. Barclay's contemporary reputation as a writer was of the highest; by his strict scholarship and graceful See also:style he has deserved the praise of See also:modern students. The Satyricon, a severe satire on the Jesuits, is modelled on See also:Petronius and catches his lightness of See also:touch, though it shows little or nothing of the tone of its See also:model, or of the unhesitating severity and coarseness of the humanistic satire of Barclay's age. The Argenis is a long romance, with a monitory purpose on the dangers of See also:political intrigue, probably suggested to him by his experiences of the See also:league in See also:France, and by the See also:catholic See also:plot in England after James's accession. The work has been praised by all parties; and it enjoyed for more than a See also:century after his death a remarkable popularity.

End of Article: BARCLAY, JOHN (1582-1621)

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