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CAYLUS,

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 590 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CAYLUS, ,See also:ANNE See also:CLAUDE PHILIPPE DE TUBIERES DE See also:GRIMOARD DE PESTELS DE See also:LEVIS, See also:COMTE DE, ,See also:Marquis d'Esternay,,See also:baron de Bransac (1692—1765), See also:French archaeologist and See also:man of letters, was See also:born at See also:Paris on the 31st of See also:October 1692. He was the eldest son of See also:Lieutenant-See also:General See also:Count de Caylus. His See also:mother, Marthe See also:Marguerite le See also:Valois de Vilette de See also:Murray, comtesse de Caylus (1673—1729), was a See also:cousin of Mme de See also:Maintenon, who brought her up like her own daughter. She wrote valuable See also:memoirs of the See also:court of See also:Louis XIV. entitled Souvenirs; these were edited by See also:Voltaire (1770), and by many later editors, notably Renouard (18o6), Ch. Asselineau (186o), M. de See also:Lescure (1874), M. E. Raunie (1881), J. Soury (1883). While a See also:young man Caylus distinguished himself in the See also:campaigns of the French See also:army, from 1709 to 1714. After the See also:peace of Rastadt he spent some See also:time in travelling in See also:Italy, See also:Greece, the See also:East, See also:England and See also:Germany, and devoted much See also:attention to the study and collection of antiquities. He became an active member of the See also:Academy of See also:Painting and See also:Sculpture and of the Academy of See also:Inscriptions. Among his antiquarian See also:works are Recueil d'antiquites egyptiennes, etrusques, grecques, romaines, et gauloises (6 vols., Paris, 1752-1755), Numismata Aurea Imperatorum Romanorum, and a Memoire (1755) on the method of en-See also:caustic painting with See also:wax mentioned by See also:Pliny, which he claimed to have rediscovered.

See also:

Diderot, who was no friend to Caylus, maintained that the proper method had been found by J. J. Bachelier. Caylus was an admirable engraver, and copied many of the paintings of the See also:great masters. He caused engravings to be made, at his own expense, of See also:Bartoli's copies from See also:ancient pictures and published Nouveaux sujets de peinlure et de sculpture (1755) and Tableaux tires de l'Iliade, de l'Odysse, et de l'Eneide (1757). He encouraged artists whose reputations were still in the making,but his patronage was somewhat capricious. Diderot expressed this fact in an See also:epigram in his See also:Salon of 1765 "La wort nous a delivres du plus cruel See also:des amateurs." Caylus had quite another See also:side to his See also:character. He had a thorough acquaintance with the gayest and most disreputable sides of Parisian See also:life, and See also:left a number of more or less witty stories dealing with it. These were collected (See also:Amsterdam, 1787)as his CEuvres badines completes. The best of them is the Histoire de M. See also:Guillaume, cachet- (c. 1730).

The Souvenirs du comte de Caylus, published in 1805, is of very doubtful authenticity. See also A. and J. de See also:

Goncourt, Portraits intimes du XVIIIz siecle; Ch. See also:Nisard's edition of the Correspondance du comte de Caylus avec le Pere Paciaudi (1877); and a See also:notice by O. Uzanne prefixed to a See also:volume of his Faceties (1879).

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