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ERMANARIC (fl. 350-376)

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 749 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ERMANARIC (fl. 350-376) , See also:king of the See also:East Goths, belonged to the Amali See also:family, and was the son of Achiulf. His name occurs as Ermanaricus (Jordanes), Airmanareiks (See also:Gothic), Eormenric (A. See also:Sax.), Jormunrek (Norse), Ermenrich (M.H. See also:German). Ermanaric built up for himself a vast See also:kingdom, which eventually extended from the See also:Danube to the Baltic and from the See also:Don to the See also:Theiss. He drove the See also:Vandals out of See also:Dacia, compelled the See also:allegiance of the neighbouring tribes of See also:West Goths, procured the submission of the Herules, of many Slav and Finnish tribes, and even of the Esthonians on the shores of the Gulf of See also:Bothnia. In his later days the west Goths threw off his yoke, and, on the invasion of the See also:Huns, rather than See also:witness the downfall of his kingdom he is said by See also:Ammianus See also:Marcellinus to have committed See also:suicide. His See also:fate See also:early became the centre of popular tradition, which found its way into the See also:ERMELAND 749 narrative of Jordanes or Jornandes (De See also:rebus geticis, See also:chap. 24), who compared him to See also:Alexander the See also:Great and certainly exaggerated the extent of his kingdom. He is there said to have caused a certain Sunilda or Sanielh to be torn asunder by See also:wild horses on See also:account of her See also:husband's traitorous conduct. Her See also:brothers Sarus and Ammius sought to avenge her.

They succeeded in wounding, not in killing the Gothic king, whose See also:

death supervened in his one See also:hundred and tenth See also:year from the See also:joint effects of his See also:wound and fear of the Hunnish invasion. This is evidently a See also:paraphrase of popular See also:story which sought to See also:supply plausible reasons for Ermanaric's end. In German See also:legend Ermanaric became the typical cruel See also:tyrant, and references to his crimes abound in German epic and in Anglo-Saxon See also:poetry. He is made to replace See also:Odoacer as the enemy of See also:Dietrich of See also:Bern, his See also:nephew, and his See also:history is related in the Norse Vilkina or Thidrekssagd, which chiefly embodies German tradition. His evil See also:genius, Sifka, Sibicho or Bicci, brings about the death of his three sons. The Harlungs, Imbrecke and Fritile,' are his nephews, whom he has strangled for the See also:sake of their treasure, the Brisingo meni. Sonhild or Svanhild becomes the wife of Ermanaric, and the See also:motive for her See also:murder is replaced by an See also:accusation of See also:adultery between Svanhild and her stepson. The story was already connected with the Nibelungen when it found its way to the Scandinavian See also:north by way of See also:Germany. In the V olsunga See also:Saga Svanhild is the daughter of See also:Sigurd and See also:Gudrun. She is given in See also:marriage to the Gothic king Jormunrek (Ermanaric), who sends his son Randver as See also:proxy wooer in See also:company of Bicci, the evil counsellor. Randver is persuaded by Bicci to take his See also:father's See also:bride for himself. Randver is hanged and Svanhild trampled to death by horses in the See also:gate of the See also:castle.

Gudrun eggs on Sorli and Hamdir or Hamtheow, her two sons by her third husband, Jonakr the Hun, to avenge their See also:

sister. On the way they slay their See also:half-See also:brother Erp, whom they suspect of lukewarmness in the cause; arrived in the See also:hall of Ermanaric they make a great slaughter of the Goths, and hew off the hands and feet of Ermanaric, but they themselves are slain with stones. The See also:tale is told with See also:variations by Saxo Grammaticus (Historia Danica, ed. See also:Muller, p. 408, &c.), and in the Icelandic poems, the See also:Lay of Hamtheow, Gudrun's See also:Chain of Woe, and in the See also:prose See also:Edda.

End of Article: ERMANARIC (fl. 350-376)

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