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See also:GUDRUN (KUDRUN) , a See also:Middle High See also:German epic, written probably in the See also:early years of the 13th See also:century, not See also:long after the See also:Nibelungenlied, the See also:influence of which may be traced upon it. It is preserved in a single MS. which was prepared at the command of See also:Maximilian I., and was discovered as See also:late as 1820 in the See also:Castle of Ambras in See also:Tirol. The author was an unnamed See also:Austrian poet, but the See also:story itself belongs to the See also:cycle of sagas, which originated on the shores of the See also:North See also:Sea. The epic falls into three easily distinguishable parts—the adventures of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:Hagen of See also:Ireland, the See also:romance of Hettel, king of the Hegelingen, who woos and wins Hagen's daughter Hilde, and lastly, the more or less parallel story of how Herwig, king of Seeland, wins, in opposition to her See also:father's wishes, Gudrun, the daughter of Hettel and Hilde. Gudrun is carried off by a king of See also:Normandy, and her kinsfolk, who are in pursuit, are defeated in a See also:great See also:battle on the See also:island of Wiilpensand off the Dutch See also:coast. The finest parts of the epic are those in which Gudrun, a prisoner in the See also:Norman castle, refuses to become the wife of her captor, and is condemned to do the most See also:menial See also:work of the See also:household. Here, thirteen years later, Herwig and her bxother Ortwin find her washing clothes by the sea; on the following See also:day they attack the Norman castle with their See also:army and carry out the long-delayed retribution.
The epic of Gudrun is not unworthy to stand beside the greater Nibelungenlied, and it has been aptly compared with it as the Odyssey to the Iliad. Like the Odyssey, Gudrun is an epic of the sea, a story of See also:adventure; it does not turn solely See also:round the conflict of human passions; nor is it built up round one all-absorbing, all-dominating See also:idea like the Nibelungenlied. Scenery and incident are more varied, and the poet has an opportunity for a more lyric See also:- INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)
interpretation of See also:motive and See also:character. Gudrun is composed in stanzas similar to those of the Nibelungenlied, but with the essential difference that the last See also:line of each See also:stanza is identical with the others, and does not contain the extra accented syllable characteristic of the Nibelungen See also:metre.
Gudrun was first edited by von der Hagen in vol. i. of his See also:Heldenbuch (182o). Subsequent See also:editions by A, Ziemann and A. J. Vollmer followed in 1837 and 1845. The best editions are those by K. Bartsch (4th ed., 188o), who has also edited the poem for Kiirschner's Deutsche Nationalliteratur (vol. 6, 1885), by B. See also:Symons (1883) and by E. See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin (2nd ed., 1901). L. See also:Ettmuller first applied See also:Lachmann's ballad-theory to the poem (1841), and K. Miillenhoff (Kudrun, See also:die echten Teile See also:des Gedichts, 1845) rejected more than three-quarters of the whole as " not genuine." There are many See also:translations of the epic into See also:modern German, the best known being that of K. See also:Simrock (15th ed., 1884). A See also:translation into See also:English by M. P. See also:Nichols appeared at See also:Boston, U.S.A., in 1889.
See K. Bartsch, Beitrage zur Geschichte and Kritik der Kudrun (1865); H. Keck, Die Gudrunsage (1867); W. Wilmanns, Die Entwickelung der Kudrundichtung (1873) ; A. See also:Fecamp, Le See also:Poe me de Gudrun, ses origines, sa formation et son histoire (1892) ; F. Panzer, Hilde-Gudrun (1901). For later versions and adaptations of the See also:saga see 0. See also:Benedict, Die Gudrunsage in der neueren Literatur (1902.)
GU$BRIANT, See also:JEAN See also:BAPTISTE BUDES, See also:COMTE DE (1602-
1643), See also:marshal of See also:France, was See also:born at Plessis-Budes, near St Brieuc, of an old See also:Breton See also:family. He served first in See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland, and in the See also:Thirty Years' See also:War he commanded from 1638 to 1639 the See also:French contingent in the army of his friend See also:Bernard of See also:Saxe-See also:Weimar, distinguishing himself particularly at the See also:siege of See also:Breisach in 1638. Upon the See also:death of Bernard he received the command of his army, and tried, in See also:conjunction with J. See also:Baner (1J96-1641), the See also:Swedish See also:general, a bold attack upon See also:Regensburg (164o). His victories of Wolfenbiittel on the 29th of See also:June 1641 and of See also:Kempen in 1642 won for him the marshal's See also:baton. Having failed in an See also:attempt to invade See also:Bavaria in See also:concert with See also:Torstensson he seized See also:Rottweil, but was mortally wounded there on the 17th of See also:November 1643.
A See also:biography was published by Le Laboureur, Histoire du mareschal de Guebriant, in 1656. See A. Brinzinger in Wurttembergische Vierteljahrschrift See also:fur Landesgeschichte (1902).
End of Article: GUDRUN (KUDRUN)
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