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EVORA , the See also:capital of an administrative See also:district in the See also:province of See also:Alemtejo, See also:Portugal; 72 M. E. by S. of See also:Lisbon, on the Casa Branca-Evora-See also:Elvas railway. Pop. (1900) 16,020. Evora occupies a fertile valley enclosed by See also:low hills. It is surrounded by ramparts flanked with towers, and is further defended by two forts; but the neglected See also:condition of these, combined with the narrow arcaded streets and crumbling walls of See also:Roman or Moorish See also:masonry, gives the ,See also:city an See also:appearance corresponding with its real antiquity. Evora is the see of an See also:archbishop, and has several churches, convents and hospitals, See also:barracks, a diocesan school and a museum. A university, founded in 1550, was abolished on the See also:expulsion of the See also:Jesuits in the 18th See also:century. The See also:cathedral, originally a Romanesque See also:building erected 1186-1204, was restored in See also:Gothic See also:style about 1400; its richly decorated See also:chancel was added in 1761. The See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of Sao Francisco (1507–1525) is a See also:good example of the blended Moorish and Gothic See also:architecture known as Manoellian. The See also:art See also:gallery, formerly the archbishop's See also:palace, contains a collection of Portuguese and See also:early Flemish paintings. An See also:ancient See also:tower, and the so-called See also:aqueduct of See also:Sertorius, 9 M. See also:long, have been partly demolished to make See also:room for the See also:market-square, in which one of the largest fairs in Portugal is held at midsummer. Both tower and aqueduct were long believed to have been of Roman origin, but are now known to have been constructed about 1540–1555 in the reign of See also:John III., at the instance of an See also:antiquary named See also:Resende. The aqueduct was probably constructed on the site of the old Roman one. A small Roman See also:temple is used as a public library; it is usually known as the temple of See also:Diana, a name for which no valid authority
See also:EVREUX 37
exists. Evora is of little commercial importance, except as an agricultural centre, but its neighbourhood is famous for its mules and abounds in See also:cork-See also:woods; there are also mines of See also:iron, See also:copper, and See also:asbestos and See also:marble quarries.
Under its See also:original name of Ebora, the city was from 8o to 72 B.C. the headquarters of Sertorius, and it long remained an important Roman military station. It was called Liberalitas Juliae on See also:account of certain municipal privileges bestowed on it by See also:Julius Caes4r (c. 100–44 B.C.). Its bishopric, founded in the 5th century, was raised to an archbishopric in the 16th. In 712 Evora was conquered by the See also:Moors, who named it Jabura; and it was only retaken in 1166. Fom 1663 to 1665 it was held by the Spaniards. In 1832 Dom See also:Miguel, retreating before Dom Pedro, took See also:refuge in Evora; and here was signed the See also:convention of Evora, by which he was banished. (See PORTUGAL.)
The administrative district of Evora coincides with the central See also:part of Alemtejo (q.v.); pop. (1900) 128,062; See also:area, 2856 sq. m.
End of Article: EVORA
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