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See also:GADSDEN, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES (1788-1858) , See also:American soldier and diplomat, was See also:born at See also:Charleston, S.C., on the 15th of May 1788, the See also:grandson of See also:Christopher Gadsden. He graduated at Yale in 1806, became a See also:merchant in his native See also:city, and in the See also:war of 1812 served in the See also:regular U.S. See also:Army as a See also:lieutenant of See also:engineers. In 1818 he served against the Seminoles, with the See also:rank of See also:captain, as aide on the See also:staff of Gen. See also:Andrew See also:Jackson. In See also:October 1820 he became inspector-See also:general of the See also:Southern See also:Division, with the rank of See also:colonel, and as such assisted in the occupation and the See also:establishment of posts in See also:Florida after its acquisition. From See also:August 1821 to See also:March 1822 he was See also:adjutant-general, but, his See also:appointment not being confirmed by the See also:Senate, he See also:left the army and became a planter in Florida. He served in the Territorial legislature, and as Federal See also:commissioner superintended in 1823 the removal of the See also:Seminole See also:Indians to See also:South Florida. In 1832 he negotiated with the Seminoles a treaty which provided for their removal within three years to lands in what is now the See also:state of See also:Oklahoma; but the Seminoles refused to move, hostilities again See also:broke out, and in the second Seminole War Gadsden was quartermaster-general of the Florida See also:Volunteers from See also:February to See also:April 1836. Returning to South Carolina he became a See also:rice planter, and was See also:president of the South Carolina railway. In 1853 President See also:Franklin See also:Pierce appointed him See also:minister to See also:Mexico, with which See also:country he negotiated the so-called" Gadsden treaty " (signed the 3oth of See also:December 1853), which gave to the See also:United States freedom of transit for mails, merchandise and troops across the See also:Isthmus of See also:Tehuantepec, and provided for a readjustment of the boundary established by the treaty of Guadalupe See also:Hidalgo, the United States acquiring 45,535 sq. m. of See also:land, since known as the " Gadsden See also:Purchase," in what is now New Mexico and See also:Arizona. In addition, See also:Article XI. of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which See also:bound the United States to prevent incursions of Indians from the United States into Mexico, and to restore Mexican prisoners captured by such Indians, was abrogated, and for these considerations the United States paid to Mexico the sum of $ro,000,000. Ratifications of the treaty, slightly modified by the Senate, were exchanged on the 30th of See also:June 1854; before this, however, Gadsden had retired from his See also:post. The boundary See also:line between Mexico and the " Gadsden Purchase " was marked by See also:joint commissions appointed in 18J5 and 1891, the second See also:commission See also:publishing its See also:report in 1899. Gadsden died at Charleston, South Carolina, on the 25th of December 1858.
An See also:elder See also:brother, CHRISTOPHER See also:- EDWARDS, AMELIA ANN BLANDFORD (1831-1892)
- EDWARDS, BELA BATES (18o2-1852)
- EDWARDS, BRYAN (1743–1800)
- EDWARDS, GEORGE (1693–1773)
- EDWARDS, HENRY THOMAS (1837–1884)
- EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1703—1758)
- EDWARDS, LEWIS (1806–1887 )
- EDWARDS, RICHARD (c. 1523–1566)
- EDWARDS, T
- EDWARDS, THOMAS CHARLES (1837–1900)
EDWARDS GADSDEN (1785-1852), was See also:Protestant Episcopal See also:bishop of South Carolina in 1839-1852.
End of Article: GADSDEN, JAMES (1788-1858)
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