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ZUG

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 1048 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ZUG , See also:

capital of the Swiss See also:canton of that name, a picturesque little See also:town at the N.E. corner of the See also:lake of Zug, and at the See also:foot of the Zugerberg (3255 ft.), which rises gradually, its See also:lower slopes thickly covered with See also:fruit trees. Pop. (1900) 6508, mainly See also:German-speaking and Romanists. The lake See also:shore has been embanked and forms a See also:promenade, whence glorious views of the snowy peaks of the Bernese Oberland, as well as of the Rigi and See also:Pilatus, are gained. Towards its northerly end a See also:monument marks the spot where a See also:part of the shore slipped into the lake in 1887. The older part of the town is rather crowded together, though only four of the See also:wall towers and a small part of the town walls still survive. The most striking old See also:building in the town is the See also:parish See also:church of St See also:Oswald (See also:late 15th See also:century), dedicated to St Oswald, See also:king of See also:Northumbria (d. 642), one of whose arms was brought to Zug in 1485. The town See also:hall, also a 15th-century building, now houses the See also:Historical and Antiquarian Museum. There are some See also:quaint old painted houses See also:close by. A little way higher up the See also:hill-See also:side is a Capuchin See also:convent in a striking position, close to the town wall and leaning against it. Still higher, and outside the old town, is the See also:fine new parish church of St See also:Michael, consecrated in 1902.

The business See also:

quarter is on the rising ground See also:north of the old town, near the railway station. Several fine See also:modern buildings rise on or close to the shore in the town and to its See also:south, whilst to the south-See also:west is a convent of Capuchin nuns, who See also:manage a large girls' school, and several other educational establishments. The town, first mentioned in 1240, is called an " oppidum" in 1242, and a " castrum " in 1255. In 1273 it was bought by See also:Rudolph of See also:Habsburg from See also:Anna, the heiress of Kyburg and wife of See also:Eberhard, See also:head of the See also:cadet See also:line of Habsburg, and in 1278 part of its territory, the valley of Aegeri, was pledged by Rudolph as See also:security for a portion of the See also:marriage See also:gift he promised to See also:Joanna, daughter of See also:Edward I. of See also:England, who was betrothed to his son See also:Hartmann, whose See also:death in 1281 prevented the marriage from taking See also:place. The town of Zug was governed by a See also:bailiff, appointed by the Habsburgs, and a See also:council, and was much favoured by that See also:family. Several See also:country districts(Baar, Menzingen, and Aegeri) had each its own " Landsgemeinde " but were governed by one bailiff, also appointed by the Habsburgs; these were known as the "Aeusser Amt," and were always favourably disposed to the Confederates. On the 27th of See also:June 1352 both the town of Zug and the Aeusser Amt entered the Swiss See also:Confederation, the latter being received on exactly the same terms as the town, and not, as was usual in the See also:case of country districts, as a subject See also:land; but in See also:September 1352 Zug had to acknowledge its own lords again, and in 1355 to break off its connexion with the See also:league. About 1364 the town and the Aeusser Amt were recovered for the league by the men of See also:Schwyz, and from this See also:time Zug took part as a full member in all the acts of the league. In 1379 the German king See also:Wenceslaus exempted Zug from all See also:external jurisdictions, and in 1389 the Habsburgs renounced their claims, reserving only an See also:annual See also:payment of twenty See also:silver marks, and this came to an end in 1415. In 1400 Wenceslaus gave all criminal See also:jurisdiction to the town only. The Aeusser Amt then, in 1404, claimed that the banner and See also:seal of Zug should be kept in one of the country districts, and were supported in this claim by Schwyz. The See also:matter was finally settled in 1414 by See also:arbitration and the banner was to be kept in the town.

Finally in 1415 the right of electing their " landammann " was given to Zug by the Confederates, and a See also:

share in the criminal jurisdiction was granted to the Aeusser Amt by the German king See also:Sigismund. In 1385 Zug joined the league of the Swabian cities against See also:Leopold of Habsburg and shared in the victory of See also:Sempach, as well as in the various Argovian (1415) and Thurgovian (146o) conquests of the Confederates, and later See also:ill those in See also:Italy (1512), having already taken part in the occupation of the Val d'Ossola. Between 1379 (Walchwil) and 1477 (Cham) Zug had acquired various districts in her own neighbourhood, principally to the north and the west, which were ruled till 1798 by the town alone as subject lands. At the time of the See also:Reformation Zug clung to the old faith and was a member of the " Christliche Vereinigung " of 1529. In 1586 it became a member of the See also:Golden League. (W. A. B.

End of Article: ZUG

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