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See also:BAHRDT, KARL See also:FRIEDRICH (1741-1792) , See also:German theologian and adventurer, was See also:born on the 25th of See also:August 1741 at See also:Bischofswerda, where his See also:father, afterwards See also:professor, See also:canon and See also:general See also:superintendent at See also:Leipzig, was pastor. At the See also:age of sixteen See also:young Bahrdt, a precocious lad whose training had been grossly neglected, began to study See also:theology under the orthodox mystic, See also:Christian August See also:Crusius (1715-1775), who in 1757 had become first professor in the theological See also:faculty. The boy varied the monotony of his studies by pranks which revealed his unbalanced See also:character, including an See also:attempt to raise See also:spirits with the aid of Dr See also:Faust's Hollenzwang. His orthodoxy was. however, unimpeachable, his See also:- TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental
talent cotispicuous, and in 1761 he was appointed lecturer on biblical exegesis, and preacher (Katechet) at the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter. His eloquence soon gave him a reputation, and in 1766 he was appointed professor extraordinarius of biblical See also:philology. Two years later, however, the scandals of his private See also:life led to his dismissal. In spite of this he succeeded in obtaining the See also:chair of biblical antiquities in the philosophical faculty at See also:Erfurt. The See also:post was unpaid, and Bahrdt, who had now married, lived by taking pupils and keeping an See also:inn. He had meanwhile obtained the degree of See also:doctor of theology from See also:Erlangen, and was See also:clever enough to persuade the Erfurt authorities to appoint him professor designate of theology. His See also:financial troubles and coarse and truculent character, however; soon made the See also:town too hot to hold him; and in 1771 he was glad to accept the offer of the post of professor of theology and preacher at See also:Giessen.
Thus far B ahrdt's orthodoxy had counterbalanced his character; but at Giessen, where his behaviour was no less objectionable than elsewhere, he gave a handle to his enemies by a See also:change
in his public attitude towards See also:religion. The See also:climax came with the publication of his Neueste O fenbarungen Gottes in Briefen and Erzahlungen (1773-1775), purporting to be a " See also:model version " of the New Testament, rendered, with due regard to enlightenment, into See also:modern German. The See also:book is remembered solely through See also:Goethe's scornful attack on its want of See also:taste; its immediate effect was to produce Bahrdt's See also:expulsion from Giessen. He was lucky enough at once to find a post as See also:principal of the educational institution established in his See also:chateau at Marschlins by the Swiss statesman Ulysses von Salis (1728-1800). The school had languished since the See also:death of its founder and first See also:head, See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin Planta (1727-1772), and von Salis hoped to revive it by reconstituting it as a " Philanthropin " under Bahrdt's management. The experiment was a failure; Bahrdt, never at ease under the strict discipline maintained by von Salis, resigned in 1777, and the school was closed. At the invitation of the See also:count of See also:Leiningen-Dachsburg, Bahrdt now went as general superintendent to Diirkheim on the See also:Hardt; his luckless See also:translation of the Testament, however, pursued him, and in 1778 he was suspended by a decision of the high See also:court of the See also:Empire. In dire poverty he fled, in 1779, to See also:Halle, where in spite of the opposition of the See also:senate and the theologians, he obtained through the See also:interest of the Prussian See also:minister, von Zedlitz, permission to lecture on subjects other than theology. Forced to See also:earn a living by See also:writing, he See also:developed an astounding See also:literary activity. His orthodoxy had now quite gone by the See also:board, and all his efforts were directed to the propaganda of a " moral See also:system " which should replace supernatural See also:Christianity.
By such means Bahrdt succeeded in maintaining himself until, on the death of See also:Frederick the See also:Great, the religious reaction set in at the See also:Berlin court. The See also:strain of writing had forced him to give up his lectures, and he had again opened an inn on the Weinberg near Halle. Here he lived with his See also:mistress and his daughters—he had repudiated his wife—in disreputable See also:peace until 1789, when he was condemned to a See also:year's imprisonment for a See also:lampoon on the Prussian religious See also:edict of 1788. His year's enforced leisure he spent in writing indecent stories, coarse polemics, and an autobiography which is described as " a mixture of lies, See also:hypocrisy and self-See also:prostitution." He died on the 23rd of See also:April 1792.
See life, with detailed bibliography, by See also:Paul Tschakert in See also:Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie; a more favourable See also:account is given in J. M. See also:Robertson's See also:Short See also:History of Freethought, ii. 278.
End of Article: BAHRDT, KARL FRIEDRICH (1741-1792)
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