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See also:CASTREN, See also:MATTHIAS See also:ALEXANDER (1813-1853) , Finnish ethnologist and philologist, was See also:born at Tervola, in the See also:parish of Kemi in See also:Finland, on the 2oth of See also:November (See also:December 2, 1813). His See also:father, See also:Christian Castren, parish See also:minister at Rovaniemi, died in 1825; and Matthias passed under the See also:protection of his See also:uncle, Mathias Castren, the kindly and learned See also:incumbent of Kemi. At the See also:age of twelve he was sent to school at Ulefiborg, and there he helped to maintain himself by teaching the younger See also:children. On his removal to the Alexander University at Helsingfprs in 183o, he first devoted himself to See also:Greek and See also:Hebrew
with the intention of entering the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church; but his See also:interest was soon excited by the See also:language of his native See also:country, and he even began before his course was completed to See also:lay the See also:foundations of a See also:work on Finnish See also:mythology. The See also:necessity of See also:personal explorations among the still unwritten See also:languages of cognate tribes soon made itself evident; and in 1838 he joined a medical See also:fellow-student, Dr. Ehrstrom, in a See also:journey through See also:Lapland. In the following See also:year he travelled in See also:Russian Karelia at the expense of the See also:Literary Society of Finland; and in 1841 he undertook, in See also:company with Dr See also:Elias See also:Lonnrot, the See also:great Finnish philologist, a third journey, which ultimately extended beyond the Ural as far as Obdorsk, and occupied a See also:period of three years. Before starting on this last expedition he had published a See also:translation into See also:Swedish of the Finnish epic of Kalevala; and on his return he gave to the See also:world his Elementa grammatices Syrjaenae and Elementa grammatices Tscheremissae, 1844. No sooner had he recovered from the illness which his last journey had occasioned than he set out, under the auspices of the See also:Academy of St See also:Peters-See also:burg and the See also:Helsingfors University, on an exploration of the whole See also:government of See also:Siberia, which resulted in a vast addition to previous knowledge, but seriously affected the See also:health of the adventurous investigator. The first-fruits of his collections were published at St See also:Petersburg in 1849 in the See also:form of a Versuch einer ostjakischen Sprachlehre. In 1850 he published a See also:treatise De affixis personalibus linguarum Altaicarum, and was appointed See also:professor at Helsingfors of the new See also:chair of Finnish language and literature. The following year saw him raised to the See also:rank of See also:chancellor of the university; and he was busily engaged in what he regarded as his See also:principal work, a Samoyedic See also:grammar, when he died on the 7th of May 1853.
Five volumes of his collected See also:works appeared from 1852 to 1858, containing respectively—(1) Reseminnen frdn dren 1838—1844; (2) Reseberattelser och See also:beef dren 1845—1849; (3) Ferelasningar i Finsk mythologi; (4) Ethnologiska forelasningar lifter Altaiska folken; and (5) Smarre afhandlingar och akademiska dissertationer. A See also:German translation was published by Anton See also:Schiefner, who was also entrusted by the St Petersburg Academy with the editing of his See also:manuscripts, which had been See also:left to the Helsingfors University and which were subsequently published.
End of Article: CASTREN, MATTHIAS ALEXANDER (1813-1853)
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