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plateau, which attains a height of 1025 ft. at a point near the western boundary of the province. This plateau, here named the Prussian Seenplatte, is thickly sprinkled with small lakes, among which is the Spirding See, 46 sq. m. in extent and the largest inland See also:

lake in the Prussian See also:

MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy. The See also:

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast is lined with low See also:

DUNES

dunes or sandhills, in front of which See also:

lie the large littoral lakes or lagoons named the Frisches Haff and the Kurisches Haff. The first of these receives the See also:

WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters of the Nogat and the Pregel, and the other those of the, See also:

Memel or Niemen. East Prussia is the coldest See also:

PART

part of See also:

Germany, its mean See also:

ANNUAL

annual temperature being about 440 F., while the mean See also:

JANUARY

January temperature of See also:

TILSIT

Tilsit is only 25°. The rainfall is 24 in. per annum. About half the province is under tillage; 18 % is occupied by forests, and about 23 % by meadows and pastures. The most fertile See also:

SOIL

soil is found in the valleys of the Pregel and the Memel, but the southern slopes of the Baltic plateau and the See also:

DISTRICT

district to the north of the Memel consist in great part of sterile See also:

MOOR

moor, See also:

sand and See also:

BOG (from Ir. and Gael. bogach, bog, soft)

bog. The See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief crops are See also:

rye, oats and potatoes, while See also:

FLAX

flax is cultivated in the district of See also:

ERMELAND, or ERMLAND (Varmia)

Ermeland, between the Passarge and the upper Alle. East Prussia is the headquarters of the See also:

HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse-breeding of the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, and contains the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

government See also:

STUD

stud of Trakehnen; numerous See also:

CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle are also fattened on the See also:

rich pastures of the See also:

RIVER

river-valleys.

The extensive See also:

woods in the See also:

south part of the province See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour a few wolves and lynxes, and the See also:

elk is still preserved in the See also:

FOREST

forest of Ibenhorst, near the Kurisches Haff. The See also:

FISHERIES

fisheries in the lakes and haffs are of some importance; but the only See also:

MINERAL

mineral product of See also:

note is See also:

AMBER

amber, which is found in the See also:

peninsula of See also:

SAMLAND

Samland in greater abundance than in any other part of the See also:

WORLD

world. Manufactures are almost confined to the principal towns, though See also:

LINEN

linen-See also:

WEAVING

weaving is practised as a domestic See also:

INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry. See also:

Commerce is facilitated by canals connecting the Memel and Pregel and also the principal lakes, but is somewhat hampered by the heavy dues exacted at the Russian frontier. A brisk See also:

FOREIGN

foreign See also:

trade is carried on through the seaports of See also:

KONIGSBERG (Polish Krolewiec)

Konigsberg, the See also:

capital of the province, and Memel, the exports consisting mainly of See also:

TIMBER

timber and See also:

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain. The population of the province was in 1900 1,996,626, ano included 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 See also:

ROMAN

Roman Catholics and 13,877 See also:

Jews. The Roman Catholics are mainly confined to the district of Ermeland, in which the See also:

ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary proportions of the confessions are completely reversed. The bulk of the inhabitants are of German See also:

BLOOD

blood, but there are above 400,000 See also:

PROTESTANT

Protestant Poles (Masurians or Masovians) in the south part of the province, and 175,000 See also:

LITHUANIANS

Lithuanians in the north. As in other provinces where the See also:

POLISH

Polish See also:

ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element is strong, East Prussia is somewhat below the general See also:

AVERAGE

average of the kingdom in See also:

EDUCATION

education. There' is a university at Konigsberg. See Lohmeyer, Geschichte von Ost-und West-Preussen (See also:

GOTHA

Gotha, 1884) ; Brunneck, Zur Geschichte See also:

des Kirchen-Patronats in Ostund West-Preussen (See also:

Berlin, 1902), and Ost-Preussen, See also:

LAND

Land und See also:

VOLK, LEONARD WELLS (1828-1895)

Volk (See also:

STUTTGART

Stuttgart, 1901-1902).

End of Article: EAST PRUSSIA (Ost-Preussen)

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