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FRIIS, JOHAN (1494-1570)

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 232 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FRIIS, JOHAN (1494-1570) , Danish statesman, was See also:born in 1494, and was educated at See also:Odense and at See also:Copenhagen, completing his studies abroad. Few among the See also:ancient Danish See also:nobility occupy so prominent a See also:place in Danish See also:history as Johan Friis, who exercised a decisive See also:influence in the See also:government of the See also:realm during the reign of three See also:kings. He was one of the first of the magnates to adhere to the See also:Reformation and its See also:promoter See also:King See also:Frederick I. (1523-1533), his See also:apostasy being so richly rewarded out of the spoils of the plundered See also:Church that his heirs had to restore See also:property of the value of 1,000,000 kroner. Friis succeeded Claus Gjoodsen as imperial See also:chancellor in 1532, and held that dignity till his See also:death. During the ensuing See also:interregnum he powerfully contributed, at the See also:head of the nobles of Funen and See also:Jutland, to the See also:election of See also:Christian III. (1533-1559), but in the course of the " See also:Count's See also:War " he was taken prisoner by Count See also:Christopher, the See also:Catholic See also:candidate for the See also:throne, and forced to do him See also:homage. Subsequently by judicious See also:bribery he contrived to See also:escape to See also:Germany, and from thence rejoined Christian III. He was one of the plenipotentiaries who concluded See also:peace with See also:Lubeck at the See also:congress of See also:Hamburg, and subsequently took an active See also:part in the See also:great See also:work of See also:national reconstruction necessitated by the Reformation, acting as mediator between the Danish and the See also:German parties who were contesting for 2 Hence another of the names—" See also:hurricane-See also:bird "—by which this See also:species is occasionally known. ' See also:Captain See also:Taylor, however, found their nests as well on See also:low bushes of the same See also:tree in the See also:Bay of See also:Fonseca (See also:Ibis, 1859, pp. 150-152). supremacy during the earlier years of Christian III.

This he was able to do, as a moderate Lutheran, whose calmness and See also:

common sense contrasted advantageously with the unbridled violence of his contemporaries. As the first chancellor of the reconstructed university of Copenhagen, Friis took the keenest See also:interest in spiritual and scientific matters, and was the first donor of a See also:legacy to the institution. He also enjoyed the society of learned men, especially of " those who could talk with him concerning ancient monuments and their history." He encouraged Hans Svaning to See also:complete Saxo's history of See also:Denmark, and Anders Vedel to translate Saxo into Danish. His generosity to poor students was well known; but he could afford to be liberal, as his See also:share of spoliated Church property had made him one of the wealthiest men in Denmark. Under King Frederick II. (1559—1588), who understood but little of See also:state affairs, Friis was well-nigh omnipotent. He was largely responsible for the Scandinavian Seven Years' War (1562—70), which did so much to exacerbate the relations between Denmark and See also:Sweden. Friis died on the 5th of See also:December 1570, a few days before the peace of See also:Stettin, which put an end to the exhausting and unnecessary struggle.

End of Article: FRIIS, JOHAN (1494-1570)

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