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See also:GINGI, or GINGEE , a See also:rock fortress of See also:southern See also:India, in the See also:South See also:Arcot See also:district of See also:Madras. It consists of three hills, connected by walls enclosing an See also:area of 7 sq. m., and practically impregnable to See also:assault. The origin. of the fortress is shrouded in See also:legend. When occupied by the See also:Mahrattas at the end of the 17th See also:century, it withstood a See also:siege of eight years against the armies of See also:Aurangzeb. In 1750 it was captured by the See also:French, who held it with a strong force for eleven years. It surrendered to the See also:English in 1761, in the words of See also:Orme, " terminated the See also:long hostilities between the two See also:rival See also:European See also:powers in Coromandel, and See also:left not a single See also:ensign of the French nation avowed by the authority of its See also:government in any See also:part of India."
GINGUEN$, See also:PIERRE See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
LOUIS (1748-1815), French author, was See also:born on the 27th of See also:April 1748 at See also:Rennes, in See also:Brittany. He was educated at a Jesuit See also:college in his native See also:town, and came to See also:Paris in 17.72. He wrote criticisms for the Mercure de See also:France, and composed a comic See also:opera, Pomponin (1777). The See also:Satire See also:des satires (1778) and the See also:Confession de Zulme (r779) followed. The Confession was claimed by six or seven different authors, and though the value of the piece is not very See also:great, it obtained great success. His See also:defence of Piccini against the partisans of See also:Gluck made him still more widely known. He hailed the first symptoms of the Revolution, joined Giuseppe See also:Cerutti, the author of the Memoire pour le See also:people frangais (1788), and others in producing the Feuille villageoise, a weekly See also:paper addressed to the villages of France. He also celebrated in an indifferent See also:ode the opening of the states-See also:general. In his Lettres sur See also:les confessions de J.-J. See also:Rousseau (1791) he defended the See also:life and principles of his author. He was imprisoned during the Terror, and only escaped with life by the downfall of See also:Robespierre. Some See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time after his releaser he assisted, as director-general of the " See also:commission executive de l'instruction publique," in reorganizing the See also:system of public instruction, and he was an See also:original member of the See also:Institute of France. In 1797 the See also:directory appointed him See also:minister plenipotentiary to the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Sardinia. After fulfilling his duties for seven months, very little to the See also:satisfaction of his employers, Ginguene retired for a time to his See also:country See also:house of St Prix, in
the valley of See also:Montmorency. He was appointed a member of the tribunate, but See also:Napoleon, finding that he was not sufficiently tractable, had him expelled at the first " purge," and Ginguene returned to his See also:literary pursuits. He was one of the commission charged to continue the Histoire litteraire de la France, and he contributed to the volumes of this See also:series which appeared in 1814, 1817 and 1820. Ginguene's most important See also:work is the Histoire litteraire d'Italie (14 vols., 1811-1835). He was putting the See also:finishing touches to the eighth and ninth volumes when he died on the 1th of See also:November 1815. The last five volumes were written by See also:Francesco Salfi and revised by Pierre See also:Daunou.
In the See also:composition of his See also:history of See also:Italian literature he was guided for the most part by the great work of See also:Girolamo See also:Tiraboschi, but he avoids the prejudices and party views of his See also:model.
Ginguene edited the See also:Decade philosophique, politique et litteraire till it was suppressed by Napoleon in 1807. He contributed largely to the Biographie universelle, the Mercure de France and the Encyclopedie methodique; and he edited the See also:works of See also:Chamfort and of See also:Lebrun. Among his See also:minor productions are an opera, Pomponin ou le tuteur mystifie (1777) ; La Satire des satires (1778) ; De l'autorite de See also:Rabelais dans la revolution presente (1791) ; De M. See also:Neckar (1795) ; Fables nouvelles (181o) ; Fables inedites (1814). See " Eloge de Ginguene " by See also:Dacier, in the Memoires de l'institut, torn. vii. ; " Discours " by M. Daunou, prefixed to the and ed. of the Hist. lilt. d'Italie; ID. J. See also:Garat, See also:Notice sur la See also:vie et les ouvrages de P. L. Guingene, prefixed to a See also:catalogue of his library (Paris, 1817).
End of Article: GINGI, or GINGEE
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