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See also:GREATHEAD, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
HENRY (1844–1896) , See also:British engineer, was See also:born at Grahamstown, Cape See also:Colony, on the 6th of See also:August 1844. He migrated to See also:England in 1859, and in 1864 was a See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil of P. W. See also:Barlow, from whom he became acquainted with the See also:shield See also:system of tunnelling with which his name is especially associated. Barlow, indeed, had a strong belief in the shield, and was the author of a See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme for facilitating the See also:traffic of See also:London by the construction of underground See also:railways See also:running in See also:cast-See also:iron tubes constructed by its aid. To show what the method could do, it was resolved to make a subway under the See also:Thames near the See also:Tower, but the troubles encountered by See also:Sir M. I. See also:Brunel in the Thames See also:Tunnel, where also a shield was employed, made See also:engineers hesitate to undertake the subway, even though it was of very much smaller dimensions (6 ft. 7 in.
1 See also:Great Falls was a See also:pioneer among the cities of the See also:state in the development of a See also:park system. When the See also:city was first settled its site was a " barren See also:tract of See also:sand, thinly covered with See also:buffalo-grass and patches of See also:sage See also:brush." The first settler, See also:Paris See also:Gibson, of Minneapolis, began the planting of trees, which, though not indigenous, See also:grew well. The city's sidewalks are bordered by strips of See also:lawn, in which there is a See also:row of trees, and the city maintains a large nursery where trees are grown for this purpose. A See also:general state See also:law (1901) placing the parking of cities on a See also:sound See also:financial basis is due very largely to the impulse furnished by Great Falls. See an See also:article, " Great Falls, the Pioneer Park City of See also:Montana," by C. H. See also:Forbes-See also:Lindsay, in the Craftsman for See also:November 1908.
See also:internal See also:diameter) than the tunnel. At this juncture Greathead came forward and offered to take up the See also:contract; and he successfully carried it through in 1869 without finding any See also:necessity to resort to the use of compressed See also:air, which Barlow in 1867 had suggested might be employed in See also:water-bearing strata. After this he began to practise on his own See also:account, and mainly divided his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time between railway construction and taking out See also:patents for improvements in his shield, and for other inventions such as the " Ejector " See also:fire-hydrant. See also:Early in the 'eighties he began to See also:work in See also:conjunction with a See also:company whose aim was to introduce into London from See also:America the Hallidie system of See also:cable See also:traction, and in 1884 an See also:act of See also:Parliament was obtained authorizing what is now the City & See also:South London Railway-a See also:tube-railway to be worked by cables. This was begun in 1886, and the tunnels were driven by means of the Greathead shield, compressed air being used at those points where water-bearing See also:gravel was encountered. During the progress of the See also:works See also:electrical traction became so far See also:developed as to be See also:superior to cables; the See also:idea of using the latter was therefore abandoned, and when the railway was opened in 1890 it was as an electrical one. Greathead was engaged in two-other important under-ground lines in London-the See also:Waterloo & City and the Central London. He lived to see the tunnels of the former completed under the Thames, but the latter was scarcely begun at the time of his See also:death, which happened at See also:Streatham, in the south of London, on the 21st of See also:October 1896.
End of Article: GREATHEAD, JAMES HENRY (1844–1896)
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