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HAAKON IV

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 781 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HAAKON IV ., surnamed " the Old " (1204–1263), was declared to be the son of Haakon III., who died shortly before the former's See also:birth in 1204. A See also:year later the See also:child was placed under the See also:protection of See also:King Inge, after whose See also:death in 1217 he was chosen king; though until 1223 the See also:church refused to recognize him, on the ground of See also:illegitimacy, and the See also:Pope's See also:dispensation for his See also:coronation was not gained until much later. In the earlier See also:part of his reign much of the royal See also:power was in the hands of See also:Earl Skule, who intrigued against the king until 1239, when he proceeded to open hostility and was put to death. From this See also:time onward Haakon's reign was marked by more See also:peace and prosperity than See also:Norway had known for many years, until in 1263 a dispute with the Scottish king concerning the See also:Hebrides, a See also:Norwegian See also:possession, induced Haakon to undertake an expedition to the See also:west of See also:Scotland. A See also:division of his See also:army seems to have repulsed a large Scottish force at See also:Largs (though the later Scottish accounts claim this See also:battle as a victory), and, having won back the Norwegian possessions in Scotland, Haakon was wintering in the Orkneys, when he was taken See also:ill and died on the 15th of See also:December 1263. A See also:great part of his See also:fleet had been scattered and destroyed by storms. The most important event in his reign was the voluntary submission of the Icelandic See also:commonwealth. Worn out by See also:internal strife fostered by Haakon's emissaries, the Icelandic chiefs acknowledged the Norwegian king as overlord in 1262. Their example was followed by the See also:colony of See also:Greenland. HAAKON VII. (1872– ), the second son of See also:Frederick VIII., king of See also:Denmark, was See also:born on the 3rd of See also:August 1872, and was usually known as See also:Prince See also:Charles of Denmark. When in 1905 Norway decided to See also:separate herself from See also:Sweden the Norwegians offered their See also:crown to Charles, who accepted it and took the name of Haakon VII., being crowned at See also:Trondhjem in See also:June 1906.

The king married Maud, youngest daughter of See also:

Edward VII., king of Great See also:Britain, their son, Prince Olav, being born in 1903.

End of Article: HAAKON IV

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