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MANTELL, GIDEON ALGERNON (1790-1852)

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 604 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MANTELL, See also:GIDEON ALGERNON (1790-1852) , See also:English geologist and palaeontologist, was See also:born in 1790 at See also:Lewes, See also:Sussex. Educated for the medical profession, he first practised in his native See also:town. afterwards in 1835 in See also:Brighton, and finally at CIapham, near See also:London. He found See also:time to prosecute he wounded in a See also:duel. He served as See also:lieutenant-See also:general (to researches on the palaeontology of the Secondary rocks, particularly in Sussex—a region which he made classical in the See also:history of See also:discovery; While he was still a See also:country See also:doctor at Lewes his See also:eminence as a See also:geological investigator was fully recognized on the publication of his See also:work on The Fossils of the See also:South See also:Downs (1822). His most remarkable discoveries were made in the See also:Wealden formations. He demonstrated the fresh-See also:water origin of the strata, and from them he brought to See also:light and described the remarkable Dinosaurian See also:reptiles known as See also:Iguanodon, Hylaeosaurus, Pelorosaurus and Regnosaurus. For these researches he was awarded the See also:Wollaston See also:medal by the Geological Society and a Royal medal by the Royal Society. He was elected F.R.S. in 1825. Among his other contributions to the literature of palaeontology was his description of the Triassic reptile Telerpeton elginense. Towards the end of his See also:life Dr Mantell retired to London, where he died on the loth of See also:November 1852. His eldest son, See also:WALTER BALDOCK DURRANT MANTELL (1820-1895), settled in New See also:Zealand, and there attained high public positions, eventually being secretary for See also:Crown-lands. He obtained remains of the Notornis, a recently See also:extinct See also:bird, and also brought forward See also:evidence to show that the moas were contemporaries of See also:man.

In addition to the See also:

works above mentioned Dr Mantell was author of Illustrations of the See also:Geology of Sussex (4to, 1827); Geology of the South-See also:east of See also:England (1833) ; The Wonders of Geology, 2 vols. (1838.; ed. 7, 1857); Geological Excursions See also:round the Isle of See also:Wight, and along the Adjacent See also:Coast of See also:Dorsetshire (1847 ; ed. 3, 1854) ; Petrif See also:action and their Teachings (1851); The Medals of Creation (2 vols., 1854). MANTES-SUR-See also:SEINE, a town of See also:northern See also:France, See also:capital of an See also:arrondissement in the See also:department of Seine-et-See also:Oise on the See also:left See also:bank of the Seine, 34 M. W.N.W. of See also:Paris by.See also:rail. Pop. (1906), 8113. The See also:chief See also:building in Mantes is the celebrated See also:church of Notre-See also:Dame which See also:dates in the See also:main from the end of the 12th See also:century. A previous edifice was burnt down by See also:William the Conqueror together with the See also:rest of the town, at the See also:capture of which he lost his life in 1087; he is said to have bequeathed a large sum for the rebuilding of the church. The See also:plan, which bears a marked resemblance to that of Notre-Dame at Paris, includes a See also:nave, aisles and See also:choir, but no transepts. Three portals open into the church on the See also:west, the two northernmost, which date from the 12th century, being decorated with See also:fine See also:carving; that to the south is of the 14th century and still more ornate.

A fine See also:

rose-window and an open See also:gallery, above which rise the summits of the western towers, occupy the upper See also:part of the See also:facade. In the interior, chapels dating from the 13th and 14th centuries are of See also:interest. The See also:tower of St Maclou (14th century), relic of an old church and the hotel de ville (15th to 17th centuries), are among the older buildings of the town, and there is a See also:fountain of the See also:Renaissance See also:period. See also:Modern See also:bridges and a See also:medieval See also:bridge unite Mantes with the opposite bank of the Seine on which the town of Limay is built. The town has a sub-prefecture and a tribunal of first instance. Mantes was occupied by the English from 1346 to 1364, and from 1416 to 1449.

End of Article: MANTELL, GIDEON ALGERNON (1790-1852)

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