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bearer of the name is Mokomba Menamotapam, mentioned by Diogo de Alcacova in 1506 as father of the Kwesarimgo Menamotapam who ruled at that date over Vealanga, a large kingdom that included See also:

SOFALA

Sofala. His See also:

capital was called Zumubany, an obvious corruption of the See also:

TERM

term " See also:

ZIMBABWE

Zimbabwe," regularly used to describe the See also:

RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence of any important See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief. The title is still found during the 18th century, but had probably become See also:

EXTINCT

extinct by the beginning of the ,9th if not earlier. Possibly its use was not confined to a single tribal See also:

section, occurring as it does in See also:

CONJUNCTION (from Lat. conjungere, to join together)

conjunction with the distinct dynastic names of Mokomba and Mambo, but the Karanga is the only tribe to which the Portuguese chroniclers attribute it. The latter, indeed, not only refer to the territory and, the See also:

PEOPLE

people of the monomotapa as " Mocaranga " (i.e. of the Karanga tribe), but explicitly assert that the " See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor " himself was a " Mocaranga." Consequently, he must have been a See also:

NEGRO (from Lat. eager, black)

negro, and the Dominican who records the See also:

BAPTISM

baptism of Dom Filippe by a See also:

FRIAR (from the Lat. (rater, through the Fr. frere)

friar of the See also:

order in the See also:

MIDDLE

middle of the 17th century actually states that this " powerful See also:

king " was a See also:

black See also:

man (" com as carnes pretas ").

This alone would be sufficient to controvert the baseless See also:

ASSUMPTION, FEAST OF

assumption that there existed in See also:

SOUTHERN

southern See also:

RHODESIA (so named after Cecil Rhodes)

Rhodesia a ruling See also:

CASTE (through the Fr. from Span. and Port. casta, lineage, Lat. cast us, pure)

caste of different racial origin from the See also:

general Bantu See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population. The events following on the See also:

MURDER

murder of the Jesuit father Dom Goncalo da Silveira (cf. Lusiads X. 93) sufficiently demonstrate that the monomotapa, though susceptible to the persuasion of foreigners, was an See also:

INDEPENDENT

independent potentate in the 16th century. The See also:

state and ceremony of his See also:

court, the number of his wives, and the order and organization of his officials, are described by several of the chroniclers. It is difficult to arrive at an estimate of the extent of territory over which this See also:

GREAT

great negro chief exercised See also:

DIRECT

direct or indirect See also:

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control. The most extravagant theory is naturally that which, was expressed by the Portuguese See also:

ADVOCATES, FACULTY OF

advocates in connexion with the dispute as to the ownership of Delagoa See also:

Bay. The See also:

CROWN

crown of See also:

PORTUGAL

Portugal based its See also:

case against See also:

England on the cession of territory contained in a well-known treaty with the monomotapa (1629), and stated that this monarch's dominions then extended nearly to the Cape of See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good See also:

Hope. A more moderate and usual view is given by Diogo de Couto, who in 1616 speaks of " a dominion over all See also:

KAFFRARIA

Kaffraria from the Cabo das Correntes to the great See also:

RIVER

river Zambezi." Several 17th-century writers extend the " empire " to the See also:

north of the Zambezi, Bocarro giving it in all " a circumference of more than three See also:

HUNDRED

hundred leagues." It was " divided among See also:

PETTY, SIR WILLIAM (1623-1687)

petty See also:

KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings and other lords with fewer vassals who are called inkosis or fumos." According to these authors, however, including Dos See also:

SANTOS

Santos, the paramountcy of the monomotapa was impaired in the 17th century by a See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of rebellions. His zimbabwe, wherever it may have been in earlier days, was now ,fixed near the Portuguese fort of Masapa, only a See also:

SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short distance south of the Zambezi. A Portuguese See also:

garrison was maintained in it, and the monarch himself from, the See also:

YEAR

year 1607 onwards was little more than a puppet who was generally baptized by the See also:

DOMINICANS

Dominicans with a Portuguese name. The only authorities of value are the See also:

ORIGINAL

original Portuguese documents collected, translated and edited by G.

McC. Theal under the title Records of South Eastern Africa (9 vols., See also:

LONDON

London; 1898-1903). Reference may be made to A. See also:

Wilmot's Monomotapa (London, 1896), which is, however, to a large extent superseded by Theal's far richer collection of material. (D.

End of Article: MONOMOTAPA

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