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SPRINGFIELD

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 741 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SPRINGFIELD , a See also:

city and the See also:county-seat of See also:Clark county, See also:Ohio, U.S.A., at the confluence of Mad See also:river and Lagonda See also:Creek, about 45 M. W.S.W. of See also:Columbus. Pop. (189o), 31,895; (1900), 38,2J3, of whom 3311 were See also:foreign-See also:born (including 1337 See also:German, 1097 Irish and 308 See also:English) and 4253 Were negroes; (1910, See also:census), 46,921. Springfield is served by the See also:Cleveland, See also:Cincinnati, See also:Chicago & St See also:Louis; the See also:Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St Louis; the See also:Erie, and the See also:Detroit, See also:Toledo & See also:Ironton See also:railways, and by an extensive inter-See also:urban electric See also:system. The older portion of the city is in the narrow valley of Lagonda Creek, but from here the city has spread SPRUCE, i.e. spruce-See also:fir, a coniferous See also:tree belonging to the over the higher and more undulating See also:surface farther back ' genus Picea, of which there are several See also:species, such as the See also:Norway until it occupies an See also:area of about 82 sq. m. Among the public spruce, Picea excelsa; the See also:black spruce, Picea See also:nigra, &c. (see FIR). buildings are the See also:United States See also:government See also:building, the The name has a curious origin, which explains also the particular Clark county See also:court See also:house, the City building (the first See also:floor meaning of the See also:adjective " spruce," neatly dressed, See also:smart in of which is occupied by the city See also:market), the Warder public , See also:appearance, See also:fine. From a number of See also:early quotations given by library (established 1872), which in rgo8 contained 25,000 volumes, the city See also:hospital, and the city See also:prison and See also:work- acres, and in 1908 the city adopted plans for an extensive See also:park system. Ferncliff See also:cemetery is a picturesque See also:burial-ground. On a See also:hill on the See also:north See also:side of the city is See also:Wittenberg See also:College (Lutheran; 1845), which in 1909 had 35 instructors and 710 students. Springfield is in a productive farming region, and See also:water See also:power is provided by Lagonda Creek, so that manufactures closely related to See also:agriculture have always been prominent.

The value of the factory product in 1905 was $13,654,423, of which $4,051,167 was the value of agricultural implements, $2,914,493 of foundry and See also:

machine-See also:shop products, and $1,025,244 of See also:flour and grist-See also:mill products. The See also:municipality owns and operates the waterworks. Natural See also:gas is piped from See also:Fairfield county. In 1799 See also:Simon See also:Kenton and a small party from See also:Kentucky built a fort and fourteen cabins near Mad river 3 or 4 M. beyond the See also:present western limits of the city. Later in the same See also:year See also:James Demint built a See also:cabin on a hill-side over-looking Lagonda Creek. In 18or he engaged a surveyor to plat a See also:town here and soon after this the site of the Kenton See also:settlement was abandoned. The new town was near the border-See also:line that had been fixed between the Whites and the See also:Indians, and the latter threatened trouble until 1807, when in a See also:council held on a large hill in the vicinity, at which See also:Tecumseh was the See also:principal See also:speaker for the Indians, See also:peace was more firmly established. In 1818, when Clark county was erected, Springfield was made the county-seat. It was incorporated as a town in 1827, and in 185o it was chartered as a city. See E. S. Todd, A Sociological Study of Clark County, Ohio (See also:Spring-See also:field, 1904).

SPRING-See also:

GUN, a See also:device formerly in use against poachers and trespassers. Wires were attached to the trigger of a gun in such a manner that any one stumbling over or treading on them would See also:discharge it and See also:wound himself. Since 1827 spring-guns and all See also:man-traps are illegal in See also:England, except within a house between sunset and sunrise as a See also:protection against burglars. Spring-guns are sometimes used to See also:trap See also:wild animals.

End of Article: SPRINGFIELD

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