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See also:STADTHOLDER (Du. stadhouder, a delegate or representative) , the See also:title of the See also:chief See also:magistrate of the seven states which formed the See also:United See also:Netherlands by the See also:union of See also:Utrecht in 1579. Though the word stad means a See also:town, it has also the force of the kindred See also:English " See also:stead." A stadhouder was not the See also:governor of a " stad " or " stead " in the sense of a See also:place or town. He was in the place, or stead, of the See also:sovereign. The word is translated into Latin by legatus, gubernator and praefectus. The See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of stadtholder is a procousulatus, and the High See also:German See also:equivalent is Statthalter, a delegate. When the See also:northern Netherlands revolted from See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip II. of See also:Spain, who had inherited his sovereign rights from the See also:house of See also:Burgundy (see NETHERLANDS: See also:History), the stad-
The See also:Stade See also:Elbe-dues (Stader Elbezoll) were an See also:ancient See also:impost upon all goods carried up the Elbe, and were levied at the See also:village of Brunshausen, at the mouth of the Schwinge. The tax was abolished in 1267 by the Hanseatic See also:League, but it was revived by the Swedes in 1688, and confirmed by See also:Hanover. The dues were fostered by the growing See also:trade of See also:Hamburg, and in 1861, when they were redeemed (for £427,600) by the nations trading in the Elbe, the See also:exchequer of Hanover was in the yearly See also:receipt of about £45,000 from this source. Hamburg and See also:Great See also:Britain each paid more than a third of the redemption See also:money.houder passed from being the representative of an absent sovereign See also:prince and became the chief magistrate of the states in whom the See also:sovereignty resided. Six of the seven states forming the See also:confederation of the United Netherlands took as their stadtholder See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William of See also:Orange-See also:Nassau, called " the Silent," and his descendants during three generations. The seventh, See also:Friesland, had for stadtholder William's See also:brother, See also:John " the Old," and his descendants. The younger See also:line became stadtholders of the other states after the extinction of the See also:elder, and were the ancestors of the See also:present royal See also:family of the Netherlands. Though the stadtholders of the house of Orange-Nassau were of princely See also:rank and intermarried with the royal families of See also:Europe, they were not sovereign princes. They exercised large administrative See also:powers, and commanded the See also:land and See also:sea forces, but it was with delegated authority given them by each See also:state in domestic affairs, and by the states-See also:general of the confederation in all See also:common and See also:foreign affairs. The states-general and some of the individual states not only claimed but exercised the right of suspending the stadtholdership, as for instance after the See also:death of William II., 165o, and of William III., 1702.
End of Article: STADTHOLDER (Du. stadhouder, a delegate or representative)
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