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TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS, See also:LUCIUS , son of Lucius Tarquinius See also:Priscus and son-in-See also:law of Servius Tullius, the seventh and last
legendary See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Rome (534—510 B.C.). On his See also:accession he
proceeded at once to See also:repeal the See also:recent reforms in the constitution, and attempted to set up a pure despotism. Many senators were put to See also:death, and their places remained unfilled; the See also:lower classes were deprived of their arms and employed in erecting splendid monuments, while the See also:army was recruited from the king's own retainers and from the forces of See also:foreign See also:allies. The completion of the fortress-See also:temple on the Capitoline confirmed his authority over the See also:city, and a fortunate See also:marriage of his son to the daughter of Octavius Mamilius of See also:Tusculum secured him powerful assistance in the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field. His reign was characterized by bloodshed and violence; the See also:outrage of his son Sextus upon See also:Lucretia (q.v.) precipitated a revolt, which led to the See also:expulsion of the entire See also:family. All Tarquinius's efforts to force his way back to the See also:throne were vain (see See also:PORSENA), and he died in See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
exile at See also:Cumae.
In the See also:story certain See also:Greek elements, probably later additions, may easily be distinguished. Tarquinius appears as a Greek " See also:tyrant " of the See also:ordinary See also:kind, who surrounds himself with a bodyguard and erects magnificent buildings to keep the See also:people employed; on the other See also:hand, an older tradition represents him as more like See also:Romulus. This twofold aspect of his See also:character perhaps accounts for the making of two See also:Tarquinii out of one (see TARQUINIUS PRlscus). The stratagem by which Tarquinius obtained See also:possession of the See also:town of See also:Gabii is a See also:mere fiction, derived from Greek and See also:Oriental See also:sources. According to arrangement, his son Sextus requested the See also:protection of the inhabitants against his See also:father. Having obtained their confidence, he sent a messenger to Tarquinius to inquire the next step. His father made no reply to the messenger, but walked up and down his See also:garden, striking off the heads of the tallest poppies. Sextus thereupon put to death all the See also:chief men of the town, and thus obtained the mastery. The stratagem of Sextus is that practised by Zopyrus is the See also:case of See also:Babylon, while the See also:episode of the See also:poppy-heads is borrowed from the See also:advice given by See also:Thrasybulus to See also:Periander (See also:Herodotus iii. 154, V. q2). On the other hand, the existence in the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of See also:Dionysius of See also:Halicarnassus of a treaty concluded between
Tarquinius and the inhabitants of Gabii, shows that the town came under his dominion by formal agreement, not, as the tradition states, by treachery and violence. The See also:embassy to See also:Delphi (see See also:BRUTUS, Lucius See also:JUNIUS) cannot be See also:historical, since at the time there was no communication between Rome and the mainland of See also:Greece. The well-known story of Tarquinius's repeated refusal and final consent to See also:purchase the Sibylline books has its origin in the fact that the See also:building of the temple of See also:Jupiter Capitolinus, in which they were kept, was ascribed to him. The traditional See also:account of his expulsion can hardly be historical. A constitutional revolution, involving such far-reaching changes, is not likely to have been carried out in See also:primitive times with so little disturbance by a See also:simple See also:resolution of the people, and it probably points to a rising of See also:Romans and Sabines against the dominion of an See also:Etruscan family (Tarquinii, Tarchna) at that time established at Rome.
For a See also:critical examination of the story see See also:Schwegler, Romische Geschichte, bk. xviii. ; See also:Sir G. Cornewall See also:Lewis, Credibility of See also:early See also:Roman See also:History, ch. 11; E. Pais, See also:Scoria di See also:Roma, i. (1898) ; and, for the See also:political character of his reign, RoME: See also:Ancient History. Ancient authorities: See also:Livy i. 21; See also:Dion. See also:Hal. v. 1-vi. 21.
End of Article: TARQUINIUS SUPERBUS, LUCIUS
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