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TOPEKA , a See also:city and the See also:county-seat of See also:Shawnee county, See also:Kansas, U.S.A., the See also:capital of the See also:state, situated on both sides of
the Kansas See also:river, in the See also:east See also:part of the state, about 6o m. W. of Kansas City. Pop. (1900), 33,608, of whom 3201 were See also:foreign-See also:born (including 702 Germans, 575 Swedes, 512 See also:English, 407 Russians, 320 Irish, &c.) and 4807 were negroes; (1910, See also:census), 43,684. It is served by the See also:Atchison, Topeka & See also:Santa Fe, the See also:Chicago, See also:Rock See also:Island & Pacific, the See also:Union Pacific and the See also:Missouri Pacific See also:railways. The city is regularly laid out on a fairly level See also:prairie See also:bench, considerably elevated above the river and about 890 ft. above See also:sea-level. Among its prominent buildings are the See also:United States See also:government See also:building, the Capitol (erected 1866-1903 at a cost of $3,200,589 and one of the best state buildings in the See also:country), the county See also:court See also:house, the public library (1882), an auditorium (with a seating capacity of about 5000), the Y.M.C.A. building, a memorial building, See also:housing See also:historical See also:relics of the state, and See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
Grace See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church See also:Cathedral (See also:Protestant Episcopal). The city is the see of a Protestant Episcopal See also:bishop. In the Capitol are the library (about 6000 volumes) and natural See also:history collections of the Kansas See also:Academy of See also:Science, and the library (30,000 books, 94,000 See also:pamphlets and 28,500 See also:manuscripts) and collections of the Kansas State Historical Society, which publishes Kansas Historical Collections (1895 sqq.) and Biennial Reports (1879 sqq.). The city is the seat of See also:Washburn (formerly See also:Lincoln) See also:College (1865), which took its See also:present name in 1868 in See also:honour of Ichabod Washburn of See also:Worcester, See also:Massachusetts, who gave it $25,000; in 1909 it had 783 students (424 being See also:women). Other educational establishments are the College of the Sisters of See also:Bethany (Protestant Episcopal, 1861), for women, and the Topeka See also:Industrial and Educational See also:Institute (1895), for negroes. In Topeka are the state insane See also:asylum, See also:Christ's See also:Hospital (1894), the Jane C. Stormont Hospital and Training School for nurses (1895), the Santa Fe Railway Hospital, the See also:Bethesda Hospital (1906) and the St See also:Francis Hospital (1909). Topeka is an important manufacturing city. Its factory product was valued in 1905 at $14,448,869. Natural See also:gas is piped from See also:southern Kansas for manufacturing and domestic use.
The first See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white See also:settlement on the site of Topeka was made in 1852, but the city really originated in 1854, when its site was chosen by a party from See also:- LAWRENCE
- LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
- LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
- LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
- LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
- LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
- LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
- LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
- LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)
Lawrence. It was from the first a freest See also:ate stronghold. More than one See also:convention was held here in Territorial days, including that which framed the Topeka Constitution of 1855; and some of the meetings of the See also:free-state legislature chosen under that document (see KANSAS) were also held here. Topeka was made the temporary state capital under the See also:Wyandotte Constitution, and became the permanent capital in 1861. It was first chartered by the See also:pro-See also:slavery Territorial legislature in 18J7, but did not organize its government until 1858 (see LAWRENCE). In 1881 it was chartered as a city of the first class. The first railway outlet, the Union Pacific, reached See also:Eugene, now See also:North Topeka, in 1865. The construction of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe was begun here in 1868, and its construction shops, of extreme importance to the city, were built here in 1878. In r88o, just after the See also:great See also:negro See also:immigration to Kansas, the coloured See also:population was 31 % of the See also:total.
See F. W. See also:Giles, See also:Thirty Years in Topeka (Topeka, 1886).
End of Article: TOPEKA
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