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ANDERSEN, HANS CHRISTIAN (1805-1875)

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 959 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ANDERSEN, HANS See also:CHRISTIAN (1805-1875) , Danish poet and fabulist, was See also:born at See also:Odense, in Funen, on the and of See also:April 1805. He was the son of a sickly See also:young shoemaker of twenty-two, and his still younger wife: the whole See also:family lived and slept in one little See also:room. Andersen very See also:early showed signs of imaginative temperament, which was fostered by the See also:indulgence and superstition of his parents. In 1816 the See also:shoe-maker died and the See also:child was See also:left entirely to his own devices. He ceased to go to school; he built himself a little See also:toy-See also:theatre and sat at See also:home making clothes for his puppets, and See also:reading all the plays that he could See also:borrow; among them were those of See also:Holberg and See also:Shakespeare. At See also:Easter 1819 he was confirmed at the See also:church of St Kund, Odense, and began to turn his thoughts to the future. It was thought that he was best fitted to be a tailor; but as nothing was settled, and as Andersen wished to be an See also:opera-See also:singer, he took matters into his own See also:hand and started for See also:Copenhagen in See also:September 1819. There he was taken for a lunatic, snubbed at the theatres, and nearly reduced to See also:starvation, but he was befriended by the musicians Christoph Weyse and Siboni, and afterwards by the poet Frederik Hoegh Guldberg (1771-1852). His See also:voice failed, but he was admitted as a dancing See also:pupil at the Royal Theatre. He See also:grew idle, and lost the favour of Guldberg, but a new See also:patron appeared in the See also:person of See also:Jonas See also:Collin, the director of the Royal Theatre, who became Andersen's See also:life-See also:long friend. See also:King See also:Frederick VI. was interested in the See also:strange boy and sent him for some years, See also:free of See also:charge, to the See also:great See also:grammar-school at Slagelse. Before he started for school he published his first See also:volume, The See also:Ghost at Palnatoke's See also:Grave (1822).

Andersen, a very backward and unwilling pupil, actually remained at Slagelse and at another school in See also:

Elsinore until 1827; these years, he says, were the darkest and bitterest in his life. Collin at length consented to consider him educated, and Andersen came to Copenhagen. In 1829 he made a considerable success with a fantastic volume entitled A See also:Journey on See also:Foot from See also:Holman's See also:Canal to the See also:East Point of Amager, and he published in the same See also:season a See also:farce and a See also:book of poems. He thus suddenly came into See also:request at the moment when his See also:friends had decided that no See also:good thing would ever come out of his early eccentricity and vivacity. He made little further progress, however, until 1833, when he received a small travel-See also:ling See also:stipend from the king, and made the first of his long See also:European journeys. At Le See also:Locle, in the See also:Jura, he wrote Agnate and the Merman; and in See also:October 1834 he arrived in See also:Rome. Early in 1835 Andersen's novel, The See also:Improvisatore, appeared, and achieved a real success; the poet's troubles were at an end at last. In the same See also:year, 1835, the earliest See also:instalment of Andersen's immortal See also:Fairy Tales (Eventyr) was published in Copenhagen. Other parts, completing the first volume, appeared in 1836 and 1837. The value of these stories was not at first perceived, and they sold slowly. Andersen was more successful for the See also:time being with a novel, O.T., and a volume of sketches, In See also:Sweden; in 1837 he produced the best of his romances, Only a Fiddler. He now turned his See also:attention, with but ephemeral success, to the theatre, but was recalled to his true See also:genius in the charming miscellanies of 1840 and 1842, the Picture-Book without Pictures, and A Poet's See also:Bazaar.

Meanwhile the fame of his Fairy Tales had been steadily rising; a second See also:

series began in 1838, a third in 1845. Andersen was now celebrated throughout See also:Europe, although in See also:Denmark itself there was still some resistance to his pretensions. In See also:June 1847 he paid his first visit to See also:England, and enjoyed a triumphal social success; when he left, See also:Charles See also:Dickens saw him off from. See also:Ramsgate See also:pier. After this Andersen continued to publish much; he still desired to excel as a novelist and a dramatist, which he could not do, and he still disdained the enchanting Fairy Tales, in the See also:composition of which his unique genius See also:lay. Nevertheless he continued to write them, and in 1847 and 1848 two fresh volumes appeared. After a long silence Andersen published in 18J7 another See also:romance, To be or not to be. In 1863, after a very interesting journey, he issued one of the best of his travel-books, In See also:Spain. His Fairy Tales continued to appear, in instalments, until 1872, when, at See also:Christmas, the last stories were published. In the See also:spring of that year Andersen had an awkward See also:accident, falling out of See also:bed and severely hurting himself. He was never again quite well, but he lived till the 4th of See also:August 1875, when he died very peacefully in the See also:house called Rolighed, near Copenhagen. (E.

End of Article: ANDERSEN, HANS CHRISTIAN (1805-1875)

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