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BOULTON, MATTHEW (1728-1809)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 324 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BOULTON, See also:MATTHEW (1728-1809) , See also:English manufacturer and engineer, was See also:born on the 3rd of See also:September 1728, at See also:Birmingham, where his See also:father, Matthew Boulton the See also:elder, was a manufacturer of See also:metal articles of various kinds. To this business he succeeded on his father's See also:death in 1759, and in consequence of its growth removed his See also:works in 1762 from Snowhill to what was then a See also:tract of barren See also:heath at Soho, 2 M. See also:north of Birmingham. Here he undertook the manufacture of See also:artistic See also:objects in metal, as well as the See also:reproduction of oil paintings by a See also:mechanical See also:process in which he was associated with See also:Francis Eginton (1737-18o5), who subsequently achieved a reputation as a worker in stained or enamelled See also:glass. About 1767, Boulton, who was finding the need of improving the See also:motive See also:power for his machinery, made the acquaintance of See also:James See also:Watt, who on his See also:side appreciated the advantages offered by the Soho works for the development of his See also:steam-See also:engine. In 1772 Watt's partner, Dr See also:John See also:Roebuck, got into See also:financial difficulties, and Boulton, to .whom he owed £1200, accepted the two-thirds See also:share in Watt's patent held by him in See also:satisfaction of the See also:debt. Three years later Boulton and Watt formally entered into See also:partnership, and it was mainly through the See also:energy and self-See also:sacrifice of the former, who devoted all the See also:capital he possessed or could See also:borrow to the enterprise, that the steam-engine was at length made a commercial success. It was also owing to Boulton that in 1775 an See also:act of See also:parliament was obtained extending the See also:term of Watt's 1769 patent to 1799. In 1800 the two partners retired from the business, which they handed over to their sons, Matthew See also:Robinson Boulton and James Watt junior. In 1788 Boulton turned his See also:attention to coining machinery, and erected at Soho a See also:complete plant with which he struck coins for the Sierra Leone and See also:East See also:India companies and for See also:Russia, and in 1797 produced a new See also:copper coinage for See also:Great See also:Britain. In 1797 he took out a patent in connexion with raising See also:water on the principle of the See also:hydraulic See also:ram. He died at Birmingham on the 18th of See also:August 18og.

End of Article: BOULTON, MATTHEW (1728-1809)

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