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See also:CHAERONEIA, or CHAERONEA , an See also:ancient See also:town of See also:Boeotia, said by some to be the Homeric See also:Arne, situated about 7 M. W. of See also:Orchomenus. Until the 4th See also:century B.C. it was a dependency of Orchomenus, and at all times it played but a subordinate See also:part in Boeotian politics. Its importance See also:lay in its strategic position near the See also:head of the See also:defile which presents the last serious obstacle to an invader in central See also:Greece. Two See also:great battles were fought on this site in antiquity. Ir 338 B.C. See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip II. and See also:Alexander of Macedon were confronted by a confederate See also:host from central Greece and Peloponnese under the leadership of See also:Thebes and See also:Athens, which here made the last stand on behalf of See also:Greek See also:liberty. A hard-fought conflict, in which the Greek See also:infantry displayed admirable firmness, was decided in favour of Philip through the See also:superior organization of his See also:army. In 86 B.c. the See also:Roman See also:general L. See also:Cornelius See also:Sulla defeated the army of See also:Mithradates VI., See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Pontus, near Chaeroneia. The latter's enormous numerical superiority was neutralized by Sulla's judicious choice of ground and the steadiness of his legionaries; the Asiatics after the failure of their attack were worn down and almost annihilated. Chaeroneia is also notable as the See also:birth-See also:place of See also:Plutarch, who returned to his native town in old See also:age, and was held in See also:honour by its citizens for many successive generations. See also:Pausanias (ix. 40) mentions the divine honours accorded at Chaeroneia to the See also:sceptre of See also:Agamemnon, the See also:work of See also:Hephaestus (cf. Iliad, ii. 'or). The site of the town is partly occupied by the See also:village of Kapraena; the ancient citadel was known as the Petrachus, and there is a See also:theatre cut in the See also:rock. A See also:colossal seated See also:lion a little to the S.E. of the site marks the See also:grave of the Boeotians who See also:fell fighting against Philip; this lion was found broken to pieces; the tradition that it was blown up by See also:Odysseus Androutsos is incorrect (see See also:- MURRAY
- MURRAY (or MORAY), EARLS OF
- MURRAY (or MORAY), JAMES STUART, EARL OF (c. 1531-1570)
- MURRAY (or MORAY), SIR ROBERT (c. 1600-1673)
- MURRAY, ALEXANDER STUART (1841-1904)
- MURRAY, DAVID (1849– )
- MURRAY, EUSTACE CLARE GRENVILLE (1824–1881)
- MURRAY, JAMES (c. 1719-1794)
- MURRAY, JOHN
- MURRAY, JOHN (1778–1820)
- MURRAY, LINDLEY (1745–1826)
- MURRAY, LORD GEORGE (1694–1760)
- MURRAY, SIR JAMES AUGUSTUS HENRY (1837– )
- MURRAY, SIR JOHN (1841– )
Murray, Handbook for Greece, ed. 5, 1884, p. 409). It has now been restored and re-erected (190.5).
AuTHoxrTIEs.—Thucydides iv. 76; Diodorus xvi. 85-86; Plutarch, Alexander, ch. 9; Sulla, chs. 16-19; See also:Appian, Mithradatica, chs. 42-45; W. M. See also:Leake, Travels in See also:Northern Greece (See also:London, 1835), ii. 112-117, 192-201; B. V. Head, Historia Numorum (See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford, 1887), p. 292; J. Kromayer, Antike Schlachtf See also:elder in Griechenland (See also:Berlin, 1903), pp. 127-195; G. Sotiriades in Athen. Milteil. 1903, pp. 301 ff.; 1905, p. 120; 1906, p. 396; 'Ec/%µ. 'ApxatoX., 1908, p. 65.
End of Article: CHAERONEIA, or CHAERONEA
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