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CHEVIOT HILLS , a range forming about 35 M. of the border between See also:England and See also:Scotland. The boundary generally follows the See also:line of greatest See also:elevation, but as the slope is more See also:gradual southward and northward the larger See also:part of the range is in See also:Northumberland, England, and the lesser in See also:Roxburghshire, Scotland.. The See also:axis runs from N.E. to S.W., with a northward tendency at the eastern end, where the See also:ridge culminates in the Cheviot, 2676 ft. Its See also:chief elevations from this point See also:south-westward fall abruptly to 2034 ft. in Windygate See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill, and then more gradually to about 7600 ft. above the pass, followed by a high road from See also:Redesdale. Beyond this are See also:Carter See also:Fell (18r5) and See also:Peel Fell (1964), after which two lines of lesser elevation See also:branch westward and. southward to enclose See also:Liddesdale. The hills are finely grouped, of conical and high-arched forms, and generally grass-covered. Their flanks are scored with deep narrow glens in every direction, carrying the headwaters of the Till, See also:Coquet and See also:North See also:Tyne on the south, and tributaries of the See also:Tweed on the north. The range is famous for a valuable breed of See also:sheep, which find abundant pasture on its smooth declivities. In earlier days it was the See also:scene of many episodes of border warfare, and its name is inseparably associated with the ballad of Chevy See also:Chase. The See also:main route into Scotland from England lies along the See also:low coastal See also:belt See also:east of the Till; the Till itself provided another, and Redesdale a third. There are numerous ruins of castles and " peel towers " or forts on the See also:English See also:side in this See also:district.
See also:Geology.—The rocks entering into the See also:geological structure of the Cheviots belong to the See also:Silurian, Old Red See also:Sandstone and Carboniferous systems. The eldest strata, which are of Upper Silurian See also:age, See also:form inliers that have been exposed by the denudation of the younger palaeozoic rocks. One of these which occurs high up on the slopes of the Cheviots is drained by the Kale See also:Water and the See also:river Coquet and is covered towards the north by the Old Red Sandstone volcanic See also:series and on the south by Carboniferous strata. Another See also:area is traversed by the Jed Water and the Edgerston See also:Burn and is surrounded by rocks of Old Red Sandstone age. The strata consist of greywackes, flags and shales with seams and zones of graptolite shale which yield fossils sparingly.
On the upturned and denuded edges of the Silurian strata a See also:great See also:pile of contemporaneous volcanic rocks of See also:Lower Old Red See also:Sand-See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone age rests unconformably, which consists chiefly of lavas with thin partings of See also:tuff. A striking feature is the See also:absence of coarse sediments, thus indicating prolonged volcanic activity. They See also:cover an area of about 230 sq. m. in the eastern part of the Cheviots and rise to a height of 2676 ft. above the See also:sea. The lavas comprise dark See also:pitchstone, resembling that at See also:Kirk See also:Yetholm, and porphyritic and amygdaloidal andesites and basalts. This volcanic See also:platform is pierced by a See also:mass of See also:granite about 20 sq. m. in extent, which forms the highest See also:peak in the Cheviot range. It has been described by Dr Teall as an See also:augite-See also:biotite-granite having strong See also:affinities with the augite-bearing granitites of Laveline and Oberbruck in the See also:Vosges. Both the granite and the surrounding lavas are traversed by dykes and sills of intermediate and See also:acid types represented by See also:mica-porphyrites and See also:quartz-felsites.
On their north-See also:west margin the Lower Old Red volcanic rocks are covered unconformably by the upper See also:division of that See also:system composed of red sandstones and conglomerates, which, when followed westwards, See also:rest directly on the Silurian platform. Towards the south and east the volcanic pile is overlaid by Carboniferous strata, thus indicating a prolonged See also:interval of denudation.
On the See also:northern slopes of the western part of the Cheviots the representatives of the Cementstone See also:group of the Carboniferous system come to the See also:surface, where they consist of shales, See also:clays, mudstones, sandstones with cementstones and occasional' bands of marine See also:limestone. These are followed in normal See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order by the Fell Sandstone group, comprising a See also:succession of sandstones with intercalations of red and See also:green clays and impure cementstone bands. They form the higher part of the Larriston Fells and are traceable eastwards to Peel Fell, where there is See also:evidence of successive See also:land surfaces in the form of dirt beds. They are succeeded by the See also:Lewis-burn See also:coal-bearing group, which represents the Scremerston coals.
End of Article: CHEVIOT HILLS
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