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CONSTANTZA (Constanta)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 11 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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CONSTANTZA (Constanta)

CONSTANTZA (Constanta) , formerly known as Kustendji or Kustendj2, a seaport on the See also:

Black See also:

Sea, and See also:

capital of the See also:

DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of Constantza, See also:

Rumania; 140 M. E. by S. from See also:

BUCHAREST (Bucuresci)

Bucharest by See also:

RAIL

rail. Pop. (1900) 12,725. When the See also:

DOBRUDJA (Bulgarian Dobritch, Rumanian Dobrogea)

Dobrudja was ceded to Rumania in 1878, Constantza was partly rebuilt. In its clean and broad streets there are many synagogues, mosques and churches, for See also:

HALF

half the inhabitants are See also:

ROMAN

Roman Catholics, Moslems, Armenians or See also:

Jews; the See also:

REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder being Orthodox Rumans and Greeks. In the vicinity there are See also:

MINERAL

mineral springs, and the sea-bathing also attracts many visitors in summer. The See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

LOCAL

local See also:

INDUSTRIES

industries are tanning and the manufacture of See also:

PETROLEUM (Lat. Petra, rock, and oleuin, oil)

petroleum drums. The opening, in 1895, of the railway to Bucharest, which crosses the See also:

DANUBE (Ger. Donau, Hungarian Duna, Rumanian Dunarea, Lat. Danubius or Danuvius, and in the lower part of its course Ister)

Danube by a See also:

BRIDGE

bridge at Cerna Voda, brought Constantza a considerable transit See also:

trade in See also:

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain and petroleum, which are largely exported; See also:

COAL

coal and See also:

coke See also:

head the See also:

list of imports, followed by machinery, See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron goods, and See also:

cotton and woollen fabrics. The See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour, protected by breakwaters, with a See also:

LIGHT

light-See also:

house at the entrance, is well defended from the See also:

north winds, but those from the See also:

south, south-See also:

east, and south-See also:

west prove sometimes highly dangerous. In 1902 it afforded 10 alongside berths for See also:

SHIPPING

shipping. It had a See also:

DEPTH

depth of 22 ft. in the old or inner See also:

basin, and of 26 ft. in the new or See also:

OUTER

outer basin, beside the quays.

The railway runs along the quays. A weekly service between Constantza and See also:

Constantinople is conducted by See also:

state-ownedsteamers, including the fast See also:

MAIL

mail and passenger boats in connexion with the See also:

OSTEND (Flemish and French Ostende)

Ostend and Orient expresses. In 1902, 576 vessels entered at Constantza, with a See also:

net registered See also:

TONNAGE

tonnage of 641,737. The Black Sea See also:

SQUADRON

squadron of the Rumanian See also:

FLEET

fleet is stationed here. Constantza is the Constantiana which was founded in See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of See also:

CONSTANTIA

Constantia, See also:

SISTER

sister of See also:

CONSTANTINE

Constantine the See also:

GREAT

Great (A.D. 274–337). It lies at the seaward end of the Great See also:

Wall of See also:

TRAJAN [MARCUS ULPIUS TRAJANUS] (A. D. 53-117)

Trajan, and has evidently been surrounded by fortifications of its own. In spite of damage done by railway contractors (see See also:

Henry C. Barkley, Between the Danube and the Black Sea, 1876) there are considerable remains of See also:

ancient masonry—walls, pillars, &c. A number of See also:

INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions found in the See also:

TOWN

town and its vicinity show that See also:

close by was Tomi, where the Roman poet See also:

OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid (43 B.C.–A.D. 17) spent his last eight years in See also:

EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile. A statue of Ovid stands in the See also:

main square of Constantza.

In regard to the Constantza inscriptions in See also:

general, see Allard, La See also:

Bulgaria orientale (See also:

Paris, 1866) ; Desjardins in See also:

Ann. dell' istit. di corr. See also:

arch. (1868) ; and a See also:

paper on Weickum's collection in Sitzungsbericht of the See also:

MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich See also:

Academy (1875).

End of Article: CONSTANTZA (Constanta)

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